SAMPE Journal - March/April 2017 - 42
Feature Article
crimped fabrics decreases parallel to
the fiber orientation from 624 N/mm²
to 602 N/mm² (3.5%). Perpendicular
to the aspired fiber orientation, the
flexural strength is on the same
level for the fiber sprayed parts (271
N/mm² without damage / 275 N/
mm² with damage). The flexural
strength of the parts with chopped
strands mats decreases from 426 N/
mm² (undamaged) to 407 N/mm²
(damaged). The results show, that the
pre-damage has an influence on the
flexural strength of the parts. It can
be observed, that the parts behave
comparable at an impact-load of 16 J.
Noticeable is the increasing standard
deviation of the continuous fiber
reinforced part. Compared to the
undamaged specimens the standard
deviation increases significantly
from 39 N/mm² to 84 N/mm².
The stiffness of the parts is
influenced by the impact load in the
same way. The flexural modulus of
all parts decreases as a result of the
impact (Figure 10).
The flexural modulus (parallel) of
the fiber sprayed part decreases as a
result of the impact from 21,440 MPa
to 20,274 MPa which corresponds to
a reduction of 5.5%. The stiffness of
the part with non-crimped fabrics
decreases by 12 % and the stiffness of
the part with chopped strands mats
decreases by 4.3% (both parallel).
The results show, that the impact
has an influence of the mechanical
properties of the parts. However,
the results do not allow for giving an
explicit statement about the impact
tolerance of one of the investigated
materials. Further investigations
with increasing loads have to be
carried out, to investigate which
material is more tolerant against
impact loads.
orientation of the sprayed fibers
along load paths. The orientation of
the fibers enables an anisotropy of the
mechanical properties from up to 2.8
: 1. A comparison between parts with
preforms from the 3D Fiber Spraying
process and parts with preforms
made from non-crimped fabrics and
chopped strands mats show, that the
mechanical properties of the fiber
sprayed parts are comparable to
those of continuous fiber reinforced
composites (tensile and flexural
properties). Compared to quasiisotropic parts with chopped strands
mats, the investigations show the
big advantage of the possibility to
orientate the fibers during the 3D
Fiber Spraying process. The tensile
strength of the fiber sprayed part
is 51.7% higher than the tensile
strength of the part with chopped
strands mats, due to the orientation
of the sprayed fibers. The Charpy
impact strength of the fiber sprayed
parts is lower than those of parts
with non-crimped fabrics. But the
flexural properties after impact are
on the same level again at an impact
load of 16 J. The impact tolerance
of the materials has to be analyzed
in further investigations at higher
impact loads to get more detailed
information.
Conclusions
The 3D Fiber Spraying process
enables a high volume capable
preforming for RTM structural parts.
Due to high throughputs of up to
150 kg/h, short cycle times can be
achieved. Compared to conventional
fiber spraying technologies, the 3D
Fiber Spraying process enables an
References
42
Acknowledgements
The research project (17646N)
of
the
Forschungsvereinigung
Kunststoffverarbeitung
has
been
sponsored as part of the "industrielle
Gemeinschaftsforschung
und
-entwicklung (IGF)" by the German
Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und
Energie (BMWi) due to an enactment
of the German Bundestag through
the AiF. We would like to extend our
thanks to all organizations mentioned.
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SAMPE Journal, Volume 53, No. 2, March/April 2017
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