Magnetics Business & Technology - Summer 2017 - 11

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT
Division and UC Berkeley professor of physics. "This offers a huge
amount of flexibility in designing artificial structures for diverse
magneto-electric and magneto-optical applications."
Other senior collaborators on this work include Zi Qiang Qiu at
Berkeley Lab and UC Berkeley; and Robert Cava at Princeton University. This work was primarily supported by DOE's Office of Science.

R&D Effort Produces Magnetic Devices to Enable
More Powerful X-Ray Lasers

Researchers at the Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley
National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and Argonne National Laboratory have collaborated to design, build and test two devices, called
superconducting undulators, which could make Xray free-electron lasers (FELs) more powerful, versatile, compact and durable.
X-ray FELs are powerful tools for studying the microscopic structure and other properties of samples,
such as proteins that are key to drug design, exotic
materials relevant to electronics and energy applications and chemistry that is central to industrial processes like fuel production.
The recent development effort was motivated
by SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory's upgrade

of its Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), the nation's only X-ray
FEL. This upgrade, now underway, is known as LCLS-II. All existing X-ray FELS, including both LCLS and LCLS-II, use permanent
magnet undulators to generate intense pulses of X-rays. These
devices produce X-ray light by passing high-energy bunches of
electrons through alternating magnetic fields produced by a series of permanent magnets. Superconducting undulators (SCUs)
offer another technical solution and are considered among the
most promising technologies to improve the performance of the
next generation FELs, and of other types of light sources, such as
Berkeley Lab's Advanced Light Source (ALS) and Argonne's Advanced Photon Source (APS).

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This Berkeley Lab-developed device, a niobium tin superconducting undulator prototype, set a record in
magnetic field strength for a device of its kind. This
type of undulator could be used to wiggle electron
beams to emit light for a next generation of X-ray lasers. (Credit: Marilyn Chung/Berkeley Lab)

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