POWER December 2010 - 60
ENERGY STORAGE
3. Major overhaul. For CAES2, a number of modifications would be necessary to a combined-cycle
plant. In this diagram, green represents added components, red is for modifications,
and blue is for existing equipment. Source: Energy Storage and Power
120 MW ducts
90 MW no ducts
148 MW
G
GT
Expander trains
~240 MW
148 MW
G
GT
M
Cavern
ity, " says Dr. Michael Nakhamkin of Energy
Storage and Power, who holds patents for a
second-generation CAES system (CAES2)
(Figure 2). " If the grid requires a 400-MW
plant, the CAES2 design can be based on a
Compressor trains
170- to 190-MW-class gas turbine such as
GE's Frame 7FA model. At the lower end of
the spectrum, a 15-MW design can be based
on a 6-MW-class turbine like the Solar Taurus
60 " (Figure 3).
Recuperator
G
HRSG
G
Existing CAES Plants
The first CAES plant in the world was E.ONKraftwerk's
320-MW plant in Huntorf, Germany,
built in 1978. The facility uses two salt
caverns with a combined capacity of 310,000
cubic meters. Its 80-MW compressor can fill
the caverns in 8 hours at a rate of 108 kilograms/per
second (kg/sec) while the 320MW
turbine operates for 2 hours at an air
mass flow rate of 417 kg/sec. The plant uses
a single-shaft design. Model 340T clutches
from SSS Clutch Co. are used between the
generator/motor and the compressor on one
side and the expander on the other. Intercoolers
on the compressor reduce the energy
needed for compression and, overall, the
plant operates at about 42% efficiency. This
plant has about 10% less capital cost than one
with separate motor-driven compressors and
turbine generators because it uses one foundation,
one motor/generator, and one set of
switch gears. Additionally, as a single-shaft
machine, it can be inherently more efficient.
The second CAES plant was built by Power
South Energy Cooperative in McIntosh, Ala.,
and went commercial in 1991. Its design is
similar to that of the Huntorf facility. A threeunit,
49-MW Dresser-Rand compressor train
pressurizes the 19 million-cubic-foot salt
THINK
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BOILERS!
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EXPERTISE!
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60
Shop-assembled and modular
designs to optimize constructability
Advanced in-house engineering
Heavy-industrial and utility grade
Highly developed performance modeling
Custom applications
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POWER | December 2010
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POWER December 2010
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of POWER December 2010
Contents
POWER December 2010 - Cover1
POWER December 2010 - Cover2
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POWER December 2010 - Cover3
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