POWER May 2014 - 34

ENERGY STORAGE
Balancing Renewables with
Li-ion Energy Storage
Courtesy: Saft
Li-ion energy storage systems are being deployed around the world to balance output
from wind and solar, and the first grid-scale projects are demonstrating the
technology's impressive potential.
Michael Lippert
T
he inherently unpredictable and variable
nature of wind power can present
significant integration challenges
when increasing the penetration of wind
turbines within already highly stressed
medium-voltage (MV) distribution grids.
Energy storage systems (ESSs) based on
lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery technology are
now starting to play an increasingly important
role in helping control the output of
wind farms as well as providing ancillary
services to the grid. Furthermore, for wind
plant installations remote from a strong
grid connection point, energy storage can
provide a cost-effective, fast-track alternative
to grid reinforcement.
According to the U.S. Department of
Energy's Global Energy Storage Database,
there are 102 Li-ion battery installations
worldwide in operation or in development as
34
of March 2014, with an estimated combined
storage of more than 175 MWh.
The technology behind Li-ion battery systems
has been developing fast in recent years,
and the chemistry's high energy density (up
to 385 Wh/liter and 180 Wh/kilogram) means
that significant levels of storage capacity can
be packed into a relatively compact and lightweight
footprint. Li-ion ESSs are now able
to store energy at the megawatt scale, and
integrated containerized systems can be connected
in parallel to deliver multiple megawatt-hour
storage capacity.
One advantage of Li-ion ESSs is that voltage,
power, and storage capacity can be precisely
tailored to the requirements of specific
installations because these industrial-scale
batteries are built up from " strings " of individual
cylindrical cells, such as Saft's VL
cells, each of which has a storage capacity of
www.powermag.com
just a few amp-hours and a nominal voltage
of 3.6 V. These strings are combined in series
and parallel into modules, racks, cabinets,
and ultimately containers.
Operators of wind turbines and wind
farms are keen to make the most of their
generation capacity so that they can sell
electricity to the grid at times of peak demand
and avoid curtailment. Grid operators,
on the other hand, are eager to ensure
that wind farms supply high-quality power
that meets the demands of their grid codes
and avoids high ramp rates caused by rapid
changes in wind conditions.
To stabilize output from wind farms, an
ESS must handle significant daily energy
flows, high power output, and very dynamic
charge/discharge behavior at variable depth
of discharge. The Intensium Max concept
was developed to offer the ideal combination
POWER | May 2014

http://www.powermag.com

POWER May 2014

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of POWER May 2014

Contents
POWER May 2014 - Cover1
POWER May 2014 - Cover2
POWER May 2014 - Contents
POWER May 2014 - 2
POWER May 2014 - 3
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