POWER November 2012 - 49

POWER IN CHINA
or waiting for approval. The nuclear reactors
built or under construction in China are summarized
in Table 1.
According to data from the International
Energy Agency (IEA), by the end of January
2011 there were 442 nuclear power units in
operation around the world, mainly distributed
in North America, Asia, and Europe, accounting
for 16% of the world's total power
production (see " What Worldwide Nuclear
1. China's first reactor. Qinshan Nuclear
Power Plant Unit 1 was the first nuclear plant
designed, constructed, operated, and managed
by China. The 310-MW Unit 1 entered service
in 1991. Four additional units have since entered
service on adjoining sites, with the sixth
unit expected to complete construction the
end of this year. Three additional units are under
construction. Courtesy: China Guangdong
Nuclear Power Holding Co., Ltd.
Growth Slowdown? " p. 42). There also were
65 units under construction, including China's
30 units. At present, there are 14 nuclear reactors
in operation in China, with a total net
installed capacity of 11.169 GW, accounting
for 1.16% of China's total installed capacity,
with its power production equivalent to 31.72
million tons of coal.
According to data from the China Electricity
Council and the " Medium- and Long-Term Nuclear
Power Development Plan, " China's nuclear
power installed capacity currently ranks 11th in
the world. China will maintain a steady growth
rate in the next decades, reaching an estimated
86 GW by 2020, an average annual growth rate
of 6.5 GW, 2.5 times the total of 2.6 GW placed
in operation from 2002 to 2007, ranking the first
in the world. China's new added nuclear capacity
in operation and the installed capacity forecasts
are shown in Figures 2 and 3.
Power Production. Nuclear electricity
production accounted for 15.5% of the world's
total electricity production in 2010. For individual
countries, France produces 75.9% of its
electricity using nuclear energy, followed by
the Ukraine (47.3%), South Korea (29.9%),
and Japan (26.0%), according to the IEA's Key
World Energy Statistics 2012.
In China, the power system remains highly
dependent on thermal power plants. Though
2. New nuclear capacity addition
amounts and growth rate of new
nuclear construction. Source: China
Electricity Council
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
New capacity
Growth rate
200%
150%
100%
50%
0%
2010 2012E 2014E 2016E 2018E 2020E
-50%
3. Total installed nuclear capacity
by year and total nuclear capacity
growth rate. Source: China Electricity
Council
Installed capacity
100
80
60
40
20
Growth rate
2010 2012E 2014E 2016E 2018E 2020E
November 2012 | POWER
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Qinshan I-1
QinshanII-2
Qinshan II-3
Daya Bay
Lingao 1
Tianwan 1
Qinshan II-2
Lingao 2
Hongyanhe
Ningde 2
Fuqing 1
Fangjiashan
Sanmen1
Taishan 1
Haiyang 1
Shidao Bay
Zhejiang
the total production of hydropower, nuclear
power, and wind power has increased more
than sevenfold from 1985 to 2009, thermal
power still accounts for 78% of the total electricity
produced in China (see " China's Power
Generators Face Many Business Barriers, " in
the September 2012 issue).
With its shortage of coal resources, developing
clean energy like nuclear power has
become one of the key measures to realizing
China's sustainable development goals. As
shown in Figure 4, in the past nine years nuclear
power production in China shows a growing
trend and reached 87,400 GWh in 2011.
However, this accounts for just 1.85% of total
power production at present-a level that still
lags behind the level of developed countries.
Even so, the combined capacity of reactors
under construction, planned, and proposed in
China amounts to 184,540 MWe, accounting
for 32% of the world total and ranking first in
capacity, offering China the most potential to
develop nuclear power in the future.
Development Plans. In general, future
nuclear projects approved are mainly coastal
and expansion projects. In 2020, the construction
of AP1000 units is expected to account
for about 30%, and the capacity of " second
generation " units will still account for more
than 50%. Based on the " Medium- and LongTable
1. Nuclear plants in service or under construction in China.
Source: China Guangdong Nuclear Power Holding Co., Ltd.
Plant
Location
Reactor
design Units
Zhejiang CNP300
CNP600
Zhejiang CANDU6
Guangdong M310
Guangdong CPR1000
Jiangsu AES+91
Zhejiang CNP600+
Guangdong CPR1000
Liaoning CPR1000
Fujian
Fujian
CPR1000
CPR1000
Yangjiang 1 Guangdong CPR1000
Zhejiang CPR1000
Zhejiang AP1000
Guangdong EPR
Shandong AP1000
Shandong HTGR
Changjiang 1 Hainan
CNP600+
Fanchenggang Guangxi CPR1000
Total
Rated
power
(GW)
1 0.30
2 0.65
2 0.73
2 0.98
2 0.99
2 1.06
2 0.65
2 0.99
4 1.00
4 1.00
2 1.00
6 1.00
2 1.00
2 1.25
2 1.75
2 1.25
1 0.20
2 0.65
2 1.00
44 17.45
Notes: a. RMB = $0.16. NA = not available.
www.powermag.com
49
Designed
lifetime
(years)
30
40
40
40
60
40
40
60
60
60
40
60
60
60
60
60
40
40
60
Investment
(billion RMB)a
1.2
14.8
2.6
4.0
4.0
3.2
14.4
26.0
48.6
49.0
26.7
74.0
26.8
40.0
50.0
43.0
3.0
16.0
25.6
440.0
Construction
start
(year.month)
1985.3
1996.6
1998.6
1987.8
1997.5
1999.1
2006.4
2005.12
2007.8
2008.2
2008.11
2008.12
2008.12
2009.4
2009.12
2009.12
NA
2010.5
2010.7
Million kW
Million kW
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POWER November 2012

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