POWER October 2010 - 65
WATER TREATMENT
Ammonia grooving occurs when ammonia
added for pH control of the feedwater
and carbon dioxide and oxygen from air
in-leakage condense with the steam, run
down the inside of the tube sheet or other
support, and cause corrosion in the crevice
between the tube and tube sheet (Figure 4).
Although the focus is often on reducing
ammonia (and therefore the pH of the feedwater),
the real culprit is the air in-leakage,
which brings in the carbon dioxide and
oxygen. Both carbon dioxide and oxygen
are essential to the corrosion process. This
is why the air removal sections of admiralty
condensers often contain stainless
steel tubes.
Carbon dioxide also lowers the pH of the
condensate, requiring additional ammonia
feed to maintain the desired pH in the feedwater,
producing higher ammonia levels in
the condensate. High levels of ammonia can
also cause stress corrosion cracking in admiralty
brass (Figure 5).
Susceptibility to ammonia grooving and
ammonia-induced stress corrosion cracking
drops dramatically as the amount of nickel in
the alloy increases. Even a 90:10 Cu-Ni alloy
provides far more protection against these
forms of corrosion.
5. Admiralty attacked. Excess ammonia in the cooling water can also cause stress corrosion
cracking of admiralty brass tubing. Courtesy: Andy Howell, Xcel Energy
Series 300 stainless steel alloys are susceptible
to chloride-induced stress corrosion
cracking, though a serious contamination
event and a concentration mechanism (crevice
or wet/dry conditions) would normally
be required to create chloride-induced stress
corrosion cracking on the steam side of a
condenser tube.
Custom solutions
bring you peace of mind
Air Liquide manufactures and delivers industrial and
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over 70 countries.
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Air Liquide's supply mode options, which include cylinder,
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AIR LIQUIDE INDUSTRIAL U.S. LP
2700 Post Oak Boulevard
Houston, Texas 77056-8229
Phone (800) 820 2522
Fax (877) 715 4799
CIRCLE 12 ON READER SERVICE CARD
October 2010 | POWER
www.powermag.com
www.us.airliquide.com
CIRCLE 13 ON READER SERVICE CARD
65
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POWER October 2010
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of POWER October 2010
Contents
POWER October 2010 - Cover1
POWER October 2010 - Cover2
POWER October 2010 - Contents
POWER October 2010 - 2
POWER October 2010 - 3
POWER October 2010 - 4
POWER October 2010 - 5
POWER October 2010 - 6
POWER October 2010 - 7
POWER October 2010 - 8
POWER October 2010 - 9
POWER October 2010 - 10
POWER October 2010 - 11
POWER October 2010 - 12
POWER October 2010 - 13
POWER October 2010 - 14
POWER October 2010 - 15
POWER October 2010 - 16
POWER October 2010 - 17
POWER October 2010 - 18
POWER October 2010 - 19
POWER October 2010 - 20
POWER October 2010 - 21
POWER October 2010 - 22
POWER October 2010 - 23
POWER October 2010 - 24
POWER October 2010 - 25
POWER October 2010 - 26
POWER October 2010 - 27
POWER October 2010 - 28
POWER October 2010 - 29
POWER October 2010 - 30
POWER October 2010 - 31
POWER October 2010 - 32
POWER October 2010 - 33
POWER October 2010 - 34
POWER October 2010 - 35
POWER October 2010 - 36
POWER October 2010 - 37
POWER October 2010 - 38
POWER October 2010 - 39
POWER October 2010 - 40
POWER October 2010 - 41
POWER October 2010 - 42
POWER October 2010 - 43
POWER October 2010 - 44
POWER October 2010 - 45
POWER October 2010 - 46
POWER October 2010 - 47
POWER October 2010 - 48
POWER October 2010 - 49
POWER October 2010 - 50
POWER October 2010 - 51
POWER October 2010 - 52
POWER October 2010 - 53
POWER October 2010 - 54
POWER October 2010 - 55
POWER October 2010 - 56
POWER October 2010 - 57
POWER October 2010 - 58
POWER October 2010 - 59
POWER October 2010 - 60
POWER October 2010 - 61
POWER October 2010 - 62
POWER October 2010 - 63
POWER October 2010 - 64
POWER October 2010 - 65
POWER October 2010 - 66
POWER October 2010 - 67
POWER October 2010 - 68
POWER October 2010 - 69
POWER October 2010 - 70
POWER October 2010 - 71
POWER October 2010 - 72
POWER October 2010 - 73
POWER October 2010 - 74
POWER October 2010 - 75
POWER October 2010 - 76
POWER October 2010 - 77
POWER October 2010 - 78
POWER October 2010 - 79
POWER October 2010 - 80
POWER October 2010 - 81
POWER October 2010 - 82
POWER October 2010 - 83
POWER October 2010 - 84
POWER October 2010 - 85
POWER October 2010 - 86
POWER October 2010 - 87
POWER October 2010 - 88
POWER October 2010 - 89
POWER October 2010 - 90
POWER October 2010 - 91
POWER October 2010 - 92
POWER October 2010 - Cover3
POWER October 2010 - Cover4
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