POWER September 2016 - 49

NUCLEAR
7. More nuclear, please. Fatih Birol,
executive director of the International Energy
Agency, told World Nuclear Exhibition attendees
that the world needs to nearly double
nuclear's current share of 11% of total generation
by 2040 in order to meet climate change
goals. Source: POWER/Gail Reitenbach
In his comments to the opening WNE
session, Fatih Birol (Figure 7), executive
director of the International Energy Agency
(IEA), cited data from the IEA's World Energy
Outlook that the 400 GW of nuclear
capacity additions in 2015 were the largest
amount in 25 years. However, a lot of aging
capacity is getting ready to retire, which adds
to the volume of retirements announced for
national policy or economic reasons.
Nuclear accounts for 11% of current global
hibitors to be large, but you might be surprised
to know that the U.S. " pavilion " was smaller
than that of China (Figure 4). Then again, China
is responsible for much of the " good news "
in nuclear, as it has been the main driver of
recent capacity additions (see sidebar " Global
Partnerships and Competition " ).
power generation and needs to reach 18% to
20% by 2040, he said, in order to meet GHG
emission reduction goals. Commenting on the
hype about electric vehicles, Birol observed
that they are important in meeting climate
change goals, but if you produce electricity
from high-carbon sources, there may be little
positive effect on overall emissions.
The markets, Birol said, don't send a
strong enough signal for nuclear. Governments
need to provide long-term capital
surety for the industry, in his view.
Workforce Challenges
Depending on where you stick a pin on a map
of the world, the nuclear workforce challenges
may vary, but virtually every nation is facing
some sort of constraint. France faces union
pressures (see the discussion above concerning
HPC development), and Laurent Thieffry,
EDF's project director for the long-delayed
Flamanville 3, noted in a discussion about nuclear
project management complexities that,
after a major project reorganization at Flamanville
3, they secured agreement to allow some
work at the site on Sundays-a big change.
Apparently thinking of North America
and Europe in particular, Magwood observed
that there are few people left with direct
experience in large nuclear plant projects.
Some countries-like South Korea, China,
and Russia-he said, have had a continuous
build program, but elsewhere, there's a skills
gap not only in leadership but also with contractors
and subs.
China, which has been partnering with
foreign technology providers for operator
training as well, developed the Sino-French
Institute of Nuclear Engineering and Technology
(IFCEN) at the Sun Yat-sen University
in 2010. Jean-Marie Bourgeois-Demersay
is the French dean of IFCEN. He noted that
such a specialized institute for nuclear education
doesn't even exist in France. China, he
said, is interested in what foreign countries
can offer, even though it has many excellent
educational institutions. Education, too,
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POWER September 2016

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