Avionics News September 2022 - 61

of an avionics program. The most cost is from writing
requirements, testing, airplane integration, flight testing,
documentation, and certification - ouch! As you increase
aircraft size and passengers, this increases the difficulty
and the amount of work.
On a scale from 1 to 10 for how difficult avionics
certification is, most would agree with the following:
1 - Experimental aircraft.
3 - Part 23, Class 1 and 2
(single-engine piston and light turboprops).
4 - Part 23, Class 3, Part 27 helicopters.
7 - Part 23, Class 4 and Part 25 business jets,
Part 29 helicopters.
10 (maybe 11) - Part 25, air transport.
Note: eVTOLs will likely be between 4 and 10 (lately,
I would say closer to 10). The industry has FAA/EASA
guidance, but no eVTOLs have been certified yet so it's
hard to guess the difficulty of certification.
It is especially important to define your plan upfront
before starting the work. Know what the customer needs
for a certification level, or design assurance level, and
the environmental levels (DO-160) and the general
architecture needed considering items like redundancy or
dissimilarity. Knowing these parameters helps define the
amount of work needed for testing, especially for code
coverage and documentation.
I'll leave the first article of three with this
recommendation: Define as much as possible during
the pursuit and proposal process so that both sides
understand the requirements and can estimate the costs
appropriately. We have all been in programs that miss this
alignment, and renegotiations, especially around price,
really suck. q
AVIONICS NEWS * SEPTEMBER 2022 61
Photo from Deposit Photos

Avionics News September 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Avionics News September 2022

Avionics News September 2022 - Intro
Avionics News September 2022 - Cover1
Avionics News September 2022 - Cover2
Avionics News September 2022 - 1
Avionics News September 2022 - 2
Avionics News September 2022 - 3
Avionics News September 2022 - 4
Avionics News September 2022 - 5
Avionics News September 2022 - 6
Avionics News September 2022 - 7
Avionics News September 2022 - 8
Avionics News September 2022 - 9
Avionics News September 2022 - 10
Avionics News September 2022 - 11
Avionics News September 2022 - 12
Avionics News September 2022 - 13
Avionics News September 2022 - 14
Avionics News September 2022 - 15
Avionics News September 2022 - 16
Avionics News September 2022 - 17
Avionics News September 2022 - 18
Avionics News September 2022 - 19
Avionics News September 2022 - 20
Avionics News September 2022 - 21
Avionics News September 2022 - 22
Avionics News September 2022 - 23
Avionics News September 2022 - 24
Avionics News September 2022 - 25
Avionics News September 2022 - 26
Avionics News September 2022 - 27
Avionics News September 2022 - 28
Avionics News September 2022 - 29
Avionics News September 2022 - 30
Avionics News September 2022 - 31
Avionics News September 2022 - 32
Avionics News September 2022 - 33
Avionics News September 2022 - 34
Avionics News September 2022 - 35
Avionics News September 2022 - 36
Avionics News September 2022 - 37
Avionics News September 2022 - 38
Avionics News September 2022 - 39
Avionics News September 2022 - 40
Avionics News September 2022 - 41
Avionics News September 2022 - 42
Avionics News September 2022 - 43
Avionics News September 2022 - 44
Avionics News September 2022 - 45
Avionics News September 2022 - 46
Avionics News September 2022 - 47
Avionics News September 2022 - 48
Avionics News September 2022 - 49
Avionics News September 2022 - 50
Avionics News September 2022 - 51
Avionics News September 2022 - 52
Avionics News September 2022 - 53
Avionics News September 2022 - 54
Avionics News September 2022 - 55
Avionics News September 2022 - 56
Avionics News September 2022 - 57
Avionics News September 2022 - 58
Avionics News September 2022 - 59
Avionics News September 2022 - 60
Avionics News September 2022 - 61
Avionics News September 2022 - 62
Avionics News September 2022 - 63
Avionics News September 2022 - 64
Avionics News September 2022 - Cover3
Avionics News September 2022 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-10
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-9
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/60-1
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-12
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-11
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-10
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-9
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/59-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/58-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/57-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/56-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-02
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/55-01
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/54-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-8
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-7
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-6
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-5
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-4
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-3
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-2
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/53-1
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/52-12
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/52-11
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/52-10
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/52-9
http://www.brightcopy.net/allen/avne/52-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/52-1
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-12
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-11
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-10
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-9
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/51-1
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-12
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-11
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-10
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-9
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/50-1
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-12
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-11
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-10
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-9
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-8
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-7
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-6
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-5
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-4
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-3
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-2
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/49-1
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/48-12
https://www.nxtbook.com/allen/avne/48-11
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com