Crop Insurance Today Third Quarter 2021 - 10

TABLE 13
SUGAR BEET Stand Reduction
Sugar Beet Stand Reduction
Growth Stage-North Dakota and Minnesota-3 Year Average
Growth Stage
4 to 6 Leaf
8 to 10 Leaf
12 to 14 Leaf
TABLE 14
Sugar Beet Stand Reduction
North Dakota and Minnesota-3 Year Average
Stand Reduction
Check
20%
40%
60%
80%
Root Yield (tons/acre)
33.9
33.9
33.4
31.3
23.5
Sucrose (%)
16.0
16.0
15.8
15.8
15.6
Recoverable Sucrose (lb./acre)
9597
9539
9251
8651
6441
Root Yield (tons/acre)
32.6
31.7
29.3
Sucrose (%)
15.9
15.9
15.8
Recoverable Sucrose (lb./acre)
9082
8822
8183
Minnesota, North Dakota
NCIS began sugar beet stand reduction research
in 2018 with North Dakota State University
at Ada, Minn., and Prosper, N.D. Stand reduction
treatments consisted of a check and 20,
40, 60, and 80 percent of the normal seeding rate
with stand reduction applied at three growths
stages; 4 to 6, 8 to 10, and 10 to 12-leaves. Stand
reduction at the 12 to14 leaf stage had lower root
yields compared with the earlier stages (Table
13). Root yields, plant sucrose and recoverable
sugars all decreased at the highest levels of stand
reduction (Table 14.)
SWEET CORN Defoliation
Minnesota, Wisconsin
Sweet corn defoliation research was initiated
in Minnesota and Wisconsin in 2020 as a follow-up
to stand reduction research completed in
2020. The trial consisted of applying defoliation
treatments of 25, 50, 75, and 100 percent at the
10- and 15-leaf, tassel, and blister growth stages.
Results from the first year of research are presented
in tables 15 and 16. Two additional years of
research trials will be conducted for this project.
WHEAT STEM BREAKS
Kansas
In 2016, NCIS developed research in conPlant
damage of 66 percent 60 days after emergence (DAE) (left) and 90 DAE (right). Losses at 90
and 120 DAE were greater than at 60 DAE and were nearly 1-for-1.
TABLE 15
Sweet Corn Defoliation
25
Growth Stage
10-Leaf
10-Leaf Chart
15-Leaf
15-Leaf Chart
Tassel
Tassel Chart
Blister
Blister Chart
10 THIRDQUARTER2021
-3
3
-4
8
-2
9
-10
7
Minnesota-2020
50
-2
13
3
27
7
31
-6
22
Defoliation %
75
Loss%
-5
25
32
57
16
62
7
45
6
44
94
96
82
100
38
74
100
junction with Kansas State University on winter
wheat at Manhattan-a Zone 1 location. The research
was expanded in 2018 to Garden City-a
Zone 2 location. The trials were designed to
evaluate the current chart factors for hanging
wheat heads broken above or below the flag leaf.
Treatments consisted of breaking over all wheat
heads in each plot at the boot, milk, anthesis, soft
dough, and hard dough developmental stages. At
Manhattan, high hanger (above flag leaf breaks)
losses up to soft dough growth stages were less
than the current chart factors for Zone 1 wheat,
but losses at hard dough and ripe stages were relatively
consistent with current chart factors (Table
17). Low hanger (below flag leaf breaks) losses
at the boot stage were less than current chart factors
but, losses at anthesis, milk, and soft dough
stages were consistent with current chart factors.
Losses at hard dough and combine ripe stages
were greater than current chart factors. At Garden
City, high hanger losses at all growth stages,
except combine ripe, were considerably less
than current chart factors for Zone 2 wheat. Low
hanger losses at the boot stage were lower than

Crop Insurance Today Third Quarter 2021

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