Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 23-9 - 47

αMTC value exceeds the upper limit in the upward
direction, i.e., the arrival
of a P-wave is detected,
announcing a potentially
dangerous earthquake.
The IEEE1451 implementation of the analog
event sensor requires: four
transducer channels, as
defined by the IEEE1451
standard, that are grouped
i n t o a n E v e n t C o n t ro l
Group; one analog embedded actuator, from the
IEEE1451-001 layer, that
computes the α MTC value,
using last acquired dataset from the analog input
sensor; and two embedded analog actuators that
set the analog event sensor
upper limit and hysteresis values. The analog
event sensor transducer
channel operates in continuous sampling mode. After
it receives an initial trigger command, a new αMTC
value is available with a periodicity that depends on
the size of the dataset and
sampling period of the analog transducer channel and
is defined in the associated
TEDS. Although the NCAP
should be notified only
when the αMTC value crosses
the defined upper limit, the
αMTC level value can be collected using the transducer
channels' dataset segment
read command. The anaFig. 5. Early Earthquake warning sensor node.
log event sensor observes
the αMTC buffer and detects
a state change. The buffer is updated when the αMTC value of electricity, or closing a valve, in the case of gas or water.
crosses upper/lower thresholds generating an event. Adopt- The status of these actuators is controlled by a TIM that has
ing the data transmission mode streaming communication, an actuator transducer channel. The actuator operates in the
data is transmitted as soon as a sample is placed in the buffer, Immediate Operation sampling mode. When writing in the
without waiting for the NCAP to issue a read transducer chan- dataset the value received, sent by the NCAP through the write
TransducerChannel data-set segment command, it is automatnel dataset segment read command.
ically applied to the output of the actuator, with this command
Water, Gas and Electricity and Vibrations and
acting as a trigger signal for the transducer.
Displacement Record Network Nodes
The network nodes that acquire vibrations are TIM with
Putting the water, gas and electricity infrastructure in protec- three acquisition channels (x, y, z), where each one is connected
tion mode requires opening an electrical circuit, in the case to an accelerometer channel, and these channels are associated
December 2020	

IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine	47



Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 23-9

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