Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 24-5 - 67

dispersive character of the surrounding medium with a welldefined
sensitivity:
S

peak

d
  

dn
S was estimated as 17647 nm2
resonance sensor based on a D-shaped PCF.
The achievement of a well-defined constant sensitivity enables
real-time monitoring of the variations of the first-order
dispersion over a broad spectral range in the optical domain.
Also, the dispersion sensing operation is independent of the
average value of the refractive index interval since the distance
between the resonance wavelengths for null dispersion
is nearly constant at Δλpeak
= 68 nm. This feature shows that
the wavelength of each resonance peak is shifted by an equal
amount over the spectrum for a constant refractive index, separating
the sensor response for different refractive indexes
from the respective response for dispersion. Thus, the SPR
sensor can be applied independently for measurements of refractive
index or optical dispersion characterization.
Conclusion
This paper has proposed a multi-plasmonic resonance sensor
based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber to demonstrate a
sensing principle capable of characterizing the optical dispersion
of a medium. In particular, we consider two plasmonic
resonances, each working as a distinct SPR spectral channel,
and which can be analyzed in combination to interrogate
both normal and anomalous dispersion regimes. The sensor
response is obtained in a straightforward manner from
the linear dependence of the plasmonic resonances with the
first-order dispersion. In this case, we have considered an
idealized analyte with linear dispersive profile, but the principle
can be extended to realistic optical media with more
complex dispersion curves. This approach introduces an additional
level of detail in the characterization of optical media,
with benefits for a wide range of applications in optical sensing.
It is notably promising for the analysis of fluidic media,
including fluids whose composition presents time-varying
concentrations, thus requiring a more detailed characterization
of optical dispersion to capture information about the
relative concentration of its constituents. For future work, we
will also optimize the SPR sensing structure for a more complete
characterization comprising higher-order dispersion
parameters.
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IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine
67
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