Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 25-1 - 94

Fig. 10. For May 12-13, 2019, UTC time, group delay of the C5B transponder of APSTAR-7 with an uncorrected baseline distances.
is visible all day, the measurement step size of the transponder
group delay is 1 MHz, with a total of 37 frequency points.
The observation time of each cycle is 30 minutes, and the measurement
time is 03: 00-21: 30, May 12-13, 2019, UTC time. The
operating conditions of the system during the experiment are
listed in Table 1.
Evaluation Method for the Experimental Results
According to the principle of the group delay measurement of
the on-orbit satellite transponder and the working mode of the
ground station system, the root mean square (RMS) of the difference
between the two independent measurements that are
obtained before and after is used to analyze the accuracy of the
method. If the RMS value of the difference between the two
measurements reaches the order of subnanoseconds, then the
proposed method is regarded as feasible and the results satisfy
the accuracy level that is required by the system.
The calculation method of RMS is expressed as:
2
1 N

rms

N xi
i1
(6)
Fig. 11. For May 12-13, 2019, UTC time, correction of the baseline distances of two sets of GEO 3.7-meter antennas at Sanya station.
94
IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine
February 2022

Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 25-1

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