Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine 25-3 - 63

IoB: Sensors for Wearable
Monitoring and Enhancing
Health Care Systems
R. Saravanakumar, Pradeep Bedi, O. Hemakesavulu, N. Thangadurai,
E. Poornima, Lakshmi Thangavelu, and D. Jayadevappa
T
he health care industry is very rapidly embracing
the Internet of Bodies (IoB). The reason for this trend
is that IoB features are widely integrated into medical
devices that improve efficiency and quality of service.
Ongoing surveillance is needed for seniors and patients with
chronic diseases. The IoB health care spending solution will
reach an astounding US $1 trillion by 2025 for some estimates.
It sets the stage for accessible, highly personalized and timely
health services for all. The sensors will be integrated into the
environment or worn by the user to collect a wealth of information
about mental and physical health. Such information,
when exploited and aggregated on a continuous and effective
basis, can lead to positive changes in the health care landscape.
The patient's physiological state is monitored clinically using
IoB sensors. By analyzing the collected information, the data
will be sent to the processing centers for appropriate action
in the cloud environment. The data will check the condition
of normal people as well as the sensors. This paper focuses on
an IoB application for health care using sensors like KY-039,
LM35 and DB1820 and implementing Python middleware for
data scripting.
Introduction
Internet of Things (IoT) interfaces with the body and their outcome
data comprise the IoB. It is an expansion of the IoT and
fundamentally interfaces the humans with an organization
through devices that are ingested, embedded, or associated
with the body somehow or another. Once associated, the information
is traded, and the body and devices can be distantly
observed and controlled [1]. IoB may invoke a couple of considerations
that have nothing to do with the real essence of the
term. However, it is tied in with utilizing the human body as
the most recent informational stage. From the start, the idea
appears to be very frightening, yet then when you understand
the potential outcomes it makes, it turns out to be very energizing.
This paper investigates that the IoB and discusses a
few models used today and a couple of the difficulties they
present. As the IoB advances, numerous individuals are now
associated with it through wearable devices. The smart watch
May 2022
developed into a US $13 billion market by 2018 and is projected
to build another 32% to US $18 billion by 2021. Smart
toothbrushes and even hairbrushes are being considered as instruments
to measure individuals' condition and behavior. [2].
For wellbeing professionals, the IoB opens the entryway
to another period of powerful observation and treatment. In
2017, the U.S. Government Drug Administration supported
the primary utilization of computerized pills in the United
States. Advanced pills contain minuscule, ingestible sensors
that are consumed just as medication [3]. When taken, the sensor
is actuated in the patient's stomach and sends information
to their cell phone or different devices. In 2018, Kaiser Permanente,
a medical care supplier in California, began a virtual
recovery program for patients recuperating from coronary
failures. The patients imparted their information to their suppliers
for consideration through a smart watch, taking into
account better checking and a nearer, more persistent connection
between patient and specialist [4].
Internet-associated devices like smart indoor regulators,
voice-actuated partners, and web-empowered appliances
have become omnipresent in American homes. These advancements
are essential for the IoT, which has thrived as of late as
customers and organizations are attracted to these devices for
accommodation, productivity, and, by and large, fun. IoB innovations
fall under the more extensive IoT umbrella. Yet, as
the name suggests, IoB devices present a significantly more
personal interchange among people and the devices. IoB devices
screen the human body, gather measurements and other
individual data, and send that information over the web. Numerous
devices, like wellness trackers, are now being used [5].
IoT's sheer size of 30 billion (and then some) web-associated
devices is amazing, and now we acknowledge that
portion of devices that are associated with or at some point inside
the human body. This developing industry of devices that
screen the human body and send the information gathered using
the web is growing each year. IoB alludes to devices put or
embedded in the human body that keep a constant exchange
between an assortment of contact focuses through the internet.
This innovation utilizes the body as a data platform [6].
IEEE Instrumentation & Measurement Magazine
1094-6969/22/$25.00©2022IEEE
63

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