Journal of Oral Implantology October 2013 - (Page 533)

RESEARCH Effect of Surface Roughness and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Removal Torque of Implants Placed in Rat Femurs Bruno Tochetto Primo, MsC1 Rovene Cordeiro da Silva, DDS1 Eduardo Grossmann, PhD2 Sergio Augusto Quevedo Miguens Jr, PhD1 Pedro Antonio Gonzalez Hernandez, PhD1 ´ Aurelıcio Novaes Silva Jr, PhD1* The present study measured removal torque and bone-implant interface resistance of machined implants, acidetched implants, or machined implants irradiated around the implant area with infrared low-level laser therapy (LLLT; 830 nm) immediately after surgery. There were statistically significant differences between Groups A (control) and B (rough surface) (P ¼ .03). Implants with a rough surface seem to add resistance to the boneimplant interface compared with smooth titanium implants or implants treated with LLLT. Key Words: osseointegration, dental implants, laser INTRODUCTION T he success of implants relies on the degree of osseointegration, which is defined as the direct structural and functional connection between organized living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant.1 Several studies have focused on changes in the characteristics of implant surfaces, because they may have a significant effect on bone-implant interface repair and may produce a better bone anchorage for osseointegration.2–5 Implant surface roughness has been shown to positively influence the extent of the bone-implant interface.4–6 Implant surfaces can be roughened using acid etching, laser therapy, sputtering with different materials, or any combination of these methods. Rough surfaces improve the osseointegration of titanium implants, improve biological responses, and shorten the time necessary for osseointegra1 School of Dentistry, Lutheran University of Brazil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil. 2 Department of Morphological Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. * Corresponding author, e-mail: aurelicio.junior@uol.com.br DOI: 10.1563/AAID-JOI-D-10-00141 tion.3,7 Among the different treatments used to produce chemical and topographic changes on implant surfaces, acid etching has been shown by some researchers to provide excellent characteristics for bone-implant integration.6,8,9 Previous studies using microscopic analyses and torque removal tests revealed a superior performance of implants with an increased surface roughness, which strongly supports the use of this type of surface in clinical practice.9 Bone-implant contact and resistance to removal tend to be greater in implants in which surface roughness is enhanced.8 The use of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in dentistry has positive effects, such as pain relief, management of premalignant lesions of the oral cavity,10 reduction of postoperative trismus and swelling, and faster wound healing and nerve regeneration.11 In implantology, LLLT seems to be a promising treatment to accelerate osseointegration, as demonstrated by its effects on bone repair.12,13 Current studies in the field of dental implants have been directly related to the development of methods to accelerate tissue repair and increase the amount of bone-implant contact.9,14 Because the results of implant rehabilitation in patients with Journal of Oral Implantology 533

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Journal of Oral Implantology October 2013

Food and Drug Administration: Reclassification of Blade Form Dental Implants
Optimizing Platelet-Rich Plasma Gel Formation by Varying Time and Gravitational Forces During Centrifugation
Effect of Surface Roughness and Low-Level Laser Therapy on Removal Torque of Implants Placed in Rat Femurs
Impression Techniques for Multiple Implants: A Photoelastic Analysis. Part I: Comparison of Three Direct Methods
Impression Techniques for Multiple Implants: A Photoelastic Analysis. Part II: Comparison of Four Acrylic Resins
A Pig Model for the Histomorphometric Evaluation of Hard Tissue Around Dental Implants
In Situ Tooth Replica Custom Implant: A 3-Dimensional Finite Element Stress and Strain Analysis
Influence of Different Soft Liners on Stress Distribution in Peri-Implant Bone Tissue During Healing Period. A 3D Finite Element Analysis
Influence of Surface Nano-Roughness on Osseointegration of Zirconia Implants in Rabbit Femur Heads Using Selective Infiltration Etching Technique
Modified Titanium Surfaces Alter Osteogenic Differentiation: A Comparative Microarray- Based Analysis of Human Mesenchymal Cell Response to Commercial Titanium Surfaces
Hemorrhage Secondary to Interforaminal Implant Surgery: Anatomical Considerations and Report of a Case
Rehabilitation of a Patient With Mandibular Resection Using Osteointegrated Implants: A Case Report
Two-Stage Bone Expansion Technique Using Spear-Shaped Implants Associated With Overlapped Flap: A Case Report
Implant Esthetic Restoration in Ridge Deficiencies in Cases of Trauma: A Case Report
Rehabilitation of the Atrophic Maxilla With Tilted Implants: Review of the Literature

Journal of Oral Implantology October 2013