2016 Glossary - 54

sible for the resorptive and additive potential of the
bones that it invests. It also contains nociceptive and
circulatory elements.
periradicular adj: pertaining to the tissues immediately adjacent to a tooth root, often described radiologically or histologically, but it can also be a clinical
descriptor.
perleche n: an inflammatory process at the corners of
the mouth. More commonly known as angular cheilitis. Often caused by fungal or bacterial infection and
can be concomitant with decreased occlusal vertical
dimension.
permanent dentition n: the adult or second set of
teeth that remain after childhood.
petechiae n: red or purple purpuric eruptions measuring <3 mm in diameter each, occurring from minor
hemorrhage of skin or mucous membrane.
phagocyte n: inflammatory cells capable of ingesting
foreign or dead cell matter for elimination.
phagocytosis n: the functional process of a phagocyte.
pharyngeal walls n: boundaries of the nasopharynx
and oropharynx.
pharynx (pl, pharynges) n: A funnel-shaped anatomic landmark comprised of musculature that forms a
tube that is the pathway for air and food. It is located
between the esophagus, nares, and mouth.
phenotype n: the physical expression of an individual's
genotype. A compound Greek word formed from
the words pheno, which relates to appearance and
physical perception, and type, which relates to individual genotype. Phenotype is related to the physical appearance of a subject's genotype.
physical elasticity of muscle n: an obsolete term referring to the characteristic of muscle tissue to elongate upon tensile forces.
physical photometer n: a device that captures and
quantifies physical stimuli in lieu of visual stimuli.
physiologically balanced occlusion n: an obsolete
term that refers to occlusion that is in harmony with
the neuromuscular system and the temporomandibular joint. It is typically related to maximum intercuspation that coincides with the centric relation
position; there are no interferences from posterior
54

teeth during lateral or protrusive movements of the
mandible.
physiologic occlusion n: an obsolete term that refers
to occlusion in compliance with the range of motion
and function of the masticatory muscles, and temporomandibular joint.
physiologic rest position n: a mandibular position
related to the masticatory muscles that is irrelevant
to occlusion or teeth position. It is the mandibular
position where elevator muscles and depressor muscles reach equilibrium. It is characterized by minimal
contraction on the antagonistic muscles of the mandible.
physiology n: derived from the compound Greek
word physiologia, which is formed from the word
physio, which means nature or natural, and logia,
which means elaboration or study. As a compound
word it relates to the study of the cooperation of the
organs (or parts of them) and chemistry that form an
organism.
pickle n: a medium or bath used for cleaning, preserving, maintaining, or processing.
pickle (pickled, pickling) v: to treat, preserve, or clean
in or with an agent As a verb, it refers to the action of
preserving, cleaning, maintaining, typically through
a medium in liquid.
pier n: an abutment located between the distal and
mesial abutments of a fixed prosthesis.
pier abutment n: an abutment positioned between
adjacent abutments.
plexus n: a branching network; chiefly of nerves, lymphatics, or veins.
pogonion n: the furthermost anterior point on the
mandible.
polymorphism n: existing in multiple forms or having
numerous morphologic types.
polymorphonuclear leukocyte n: a type of scavenging white blood cell involved in fighting infections
that contains a segmented lobular nucleus and is
colorless because of the lack of hemoglobin; eosinophils, basophils, and neutrophils are in this category.



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