Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - (Page 33)
PILOT’S GUIDE
itself that generates static electricity, which lightning releases . Few aspects of aviating match the discomfort accompanying a full-on encounter with a storm producing these two co-conspirators of lightning and turbulence . Turbulence doesn’t automatically portend lightning . Other conditions cause turbulence: the shearing action between layers of air moving in opposite directions; mountain-spurred turbulence from high winds; the boundary layer announcing the approach of a front . While seldom as savage as the turbulence of a lightning-laden thunderstorm, these types of turbulence also justify avoidance because of the discomfort they create . Degrees of Discomfort We seldom bat an eye at light turbulence — when the airplane experiences only slightly erratic changes in altitude or attitude . Should conditions progress into light chop, the ongoing arrhythmic bumps it brings might wear on us . The rapid jolts and noticeable displacement of moderate turbulence should be a wake-up call to make a new decision lest conditions progress to moderate chop with more frequent and pronounced arrhythmic bumps . We quickly recognize encountering severe turbulence, with large degrees of displacement and wide swings in airspeed . Touch the edge of extreme turbulence, and the feeling most coveted is the relief of escaping to smooth air . Typically, those higher levels of turbulence come in the vicinity of a significant storm: Level 3 and above . But pilots can find themselves in the maelstrom with little warning, despite forecasts, even while turning to avoid similar conditions elsewhere . While we generally see something of lightning’s output, we can only infer the location of turbulence, in part because we’ve learned of the conjoined nature of turbulence-generated lightning . This has made detecting lightning a primary way of avoiding both electric and turbulent encounters . Risks Abound in Those Bumps Any encounter with the violence of severe or extreme turbulence instills an appreciation for the chaos of the atmospheric churn . Ignoring its power brings significant risks . Turbulence is a main cause of injuries on airline flights . The injuries generally result from a sudden, unexpected encounter with conditions that announce themselves by tossing unrestrained humans against the ceiling until gravity resumes control and drops the unfortunates . The National Transportation Safety Board studied a
seven-year period — 2003 through 2009 — and found 80 incidents of turbulence seriously injuring one or more people on the affected airplane . Earlier this year, airliner captains twice diverted toward treatment for the injuries of passengers tossed about the cabin . In one instance, 30 people on one airliner suffered injuries . The plane itself faces risks depending on how the pilot handles a rough-weather encounter . Go too fast in too much turbulence and the airplane can break up; go too slow and control becomes more difficult . Unfortunately, remaining grounded is the only definitive way to avoid turbulence . With its power to damage electrical and electronic components while burning holes in the airframe, lightning sounds scarier than turbulence . The emphasis, however, should be on joint-avoidance efforts, and this is where technology can help your customers . The symbiotic relationship between turbulence and lightning underpins one of the older, more useful onboard and ground tools for storm avoidance: the spherics device . Thanks to advances in radar displays, digital processing, Doppler radar and lasers, we are closing in on tools to detect turbulence absent electrical discharges . A Hazard-Avoidance Hat Trick Although we seldom tune in AM radio these days, it serves as an omni-directional lightning detector, picking up the burst of radio-frequency energy that occurs with lightning strikes and “playing” this energy as audible bursts of static . Building on the phenomenon, the avionics industry offers pilots several systems capable of detecting both the soft, aerially discharged pulses of airborne turbulence and lightning . A spherics device works on the same principal: Listen for the same radio-frequency emissions of lightning strikes that produce static on AM radio . Because of the sensitivity of these systems, they serve as much as a tool for avoiding turbulence — the harbinger of static-electrical buildup — as for the lightning itself . A spherics device uses a sensitive directional antenna to generate a bearing to the radio frequency; signal processing of the lightning signal to calculate distance; and convert it into a display indication . The spherics hardware available for aircraft offers sensitivities, accuracy levels and features
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012
From the Publisher
Interested in AEA Membership?
AEA Staff/Board of Directors
New Products for 2011
WAAS/GPS
Recreational Radios
Before & After
Avoiding the Bullies
Sound Advice on Headset Choices
Choosing an Airborne Broadband System for Your Business Aircraft
Class Retrofits for Type Certificated Aircraft
ADS-B: Learning the Ins and Outs
Going Glass
Cell Science
So What is Your Customer Really Paying For?
It's the FAA's Fault, Right?
Repair Stations
Manufacturers/Distributors
Affiliates/Index
AEA Member Company Index
Advertisers Index
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Cover1
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Cover2
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 1
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 2
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 3
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Interested in AEA Membership?
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 5
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - AEA Staff/Board of Directors
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 7
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - New Products for 2011
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 9
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 10
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 11
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 12
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 17
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 18
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 19
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - WAAS/GPS
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 21
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 22
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 23
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Recreational Radios
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 25
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 26
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 27
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Before & After
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 29
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 30
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 31
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Avoiding the Bullies
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 33
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 34
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 35
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 36
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 37
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Sound Advice on Headset Choices
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 39
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 40
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 41
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 42
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 43
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 44
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 45
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Choosing an Airborne Broadband System for Your Business Aircraft
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 47
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 48
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 49
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Class Retrofits for Type Certificated Aircraft
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 51
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 52
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 53
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 57
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 58
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 59
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - ADS-B: Learning the Ins and Outs
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 61
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 62
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 63
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 64
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 65
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 66
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 67
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Going Glass
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 69
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 70
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 71
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 72
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 73
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 74
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 75
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Cell Science
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 77
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 78
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 79
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 80
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 81
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - So What is Your Customer Really Paying For?
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 83
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 84
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 85
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - It's the FAA's Fault, Right?
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 87
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 88
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Repair Stations
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 90
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 91
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 92
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 131
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 132
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Manufacturers/Distributors
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 134
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 135
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 136
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 142
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 143
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 144
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Affiliates/Index
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 146
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 147
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 148
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 151
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 152
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - AEA Member Company Index
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 154
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - 155
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Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Advertisers Index
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Cover3
Pilot's Guide to Avionics 2011-2012 - Cover4
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