Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 24

SAFETY STRATEGIES Robot-Human Interaction Getting Safer Advanced technologies are allowing people to safely work in close proximity to and react with robots in manufacturing settings. Jane Alexander Managing Editor COLLABORATIVE ROBOTIC APPLICATIONS are fundamentally changing the way people and machines interact on the plant floor. This collaboration allows manufacturers and industrial operators to combine the strength, repeatability, and tirelessness of machines with the flexibility, adaptability, and intelligence of humans. The result is an unmatched combination that improves production efficiency and flexibility, while also reducing the physical burden on humans. Such capabilities are more important than ever as companies seek new ways to retain their skilled but aging workers. According to George Schuster of Milwaukee-based Rockwell Automation (rockwellautomation.com), a key enabler of collaborative robotic applications is the safety technology that allows plant personnel and robots to share the same workspace with less risk of human injury. Advancements in this technology are reducing the need for safety cages, freeing floor space, saving money, and increasing flexibility in the way robots are used on the plant floor. As Schuster points out, safety technology is increasingly embedded in the robot and in the cell controller. Sophisticated sensors, safety controllers, and communication networks provide real-time safety data that allow robots to automatically respond to potential incidents, such as coming into contact with an operator. Referencing standards provided by the Robotic Industries Association, Ann Arbor, MI, (robotics.org) and various safety-standards bodies that offer guidance on how robots and humans can work together, he provided the following insight. Implementing collaborative robotics A robot is not collaborative by itself. A collaborative robot is only one part of a collaborative robotic application-and it doesn't achieve safety compliance on its own. "The way the 24 | MAINTENANCE TECHNOLOGY system is designed," Schuster noted, "is critical for optimizing worker safety and enabling compliance." According to standards ANSI/RIA R15.06-2012 and ISO 10218, the term "collaborative robotics" describes an automatically operated robot system sharing the same workspace with a human. There are four types of collaborative operations: ■ Safety-rated monitored stop: This method is the most common and has been used in industrial operations for many years. Sensors in the safety-control system detect human presence and immediately stop the robot if a person gets too close. This is commonly used when people and robots are working in close proximity or with overlapping work envelopes. For example, a worker can load parts directly onto a robot end-effector while it is in a safe-stop condition. This can help improve productivity because the machine can keep running independent from the robot. ■ Hand-guiding operation: This less-common method allows operators to manually control or reposition the robot for its next task. The operator is in direct contact with the robot arm and can reposition it with hand controls. This generally doesn't work well for tasks that require fast speeds. ■ Speed and separation monitoring: Allows operators and robots to work in the same space while maintaining sufficient distance from each other. If a human comes too close to a robot, sensors will trigger the robot to slow down or stop. New safety-sensor technology is making this capability more popular in industrial operations. ■ Power and force limiting: If a robot accidentally comes into contact with a human, it reduces its force or torque so the human isn't hurt. This is an emerging method and arguably the least commonly implemented. The robot needs to actually come into contact with a human before it knows to stop. Implementing this method requires understanding the SEPTEMBER 2016 http://www.rockwellautomation.com http://www.robotics.org

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Maintenance Technology September 2016

Editorial
Uptime
On The Floor
Old-School Approach To New-World Technology
Art Meets Reliability Science
Commit To Safety
Robot-Human Interaction Getting Safer
Sanitary, Stainless Conveyors Not The Same
Reduce Hidden Process-Safety Costs
Pace Your Reliability Program
Win The War With 'Lubrication By Design'
SAP Tips And Tricks
Understand Pump Vibration
Select The Right Relay
Bearing Care
Clear Up HOA Confusion
Potato Waste Becomes Clean Water, Energy
Products
Showcase
Ad Index
Final Thought
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 1
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Cover1
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Cover2
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 1
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 2
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 3
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Editorial
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 5
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Uptime
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 7
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - On The Floor
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 9
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Old-School Approach To New-World Technology
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 11
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 12
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 13
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 14
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 15
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Art Meets Reliability Science
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 17
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 18
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 19
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Commit To Safety
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 21
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 22
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 23
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Robot-Human Interaction Getting Safer
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 25
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Sanitary, Stainless Conveyors Not The Same
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 27
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 28
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Reduce Hidden Process-Safety Costs
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 30
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Pace Your Reliability Program
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 32
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 33
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 34
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 35
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Win The War With 'Lubrication By Design'
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 37
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 38
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - SAP Tips And Tricks
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Understand Pump Vibration
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Select The Right Relay
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Bearing Care
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 43
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Clear Up HOA Confusion
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Potato Waste Becomes Clean Water, Energy
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 46
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Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Showcase
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Ad Index
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - 55
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Final Thought
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Cover3
Maintenance Technology September 2016 - Cover4
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