The Catalyst Review - March 2015 - 16
EXPERIMENTAL
Figure 2. Synthesis of USTC-253 (left) and
defect-engineered USTC-253-TFA (right).
Figure 3. Proposed catalytic mechanism for the CO2 cycloaddition of
epoxide into cyclic carbonate over USTC-253-TFA.
In addition to the CO2 capture capability, CO2 cycloaddition with propylene oxide as a model substrate was investigated to determine
the viability of converting CO2 to useful high-value chemicals. It was found that, in this application, USTC-253-TFA exhibits good
catalytic activity and recyclability in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates at room temperature and 1 bar CO2 pressure according to the
proposed mechanism shown in Figure 3. Source: Jiang Z-R, Wang H, Hu Y, et al. (2014). ChemSusChem online preview, DOI: 10.1002/
cssc.201403230.
Controlled Surface Segregation Leads to Efficient Coke-Resistant
Nickel/Platinum Bimetallic Catalysts for the Dry Reforming of
Methane...
Industrial reforming of natural gas with H2O or CO2 to produce
syngas typically relies on the use of Ni catalysts due to its
low cost and high activity relative to noble metals. However,
Ni catalysts undergo deactivation due to coke formation,
sintering, and metal oxidation, especially in CO2 reforming.
One approach to dealing with this problem involves
modification of the metal surface to prevent C* nucleation
and growth through modification of the metal surface.
Alternatively, enhancement of the gasification of carbon by
addition of alkali or alkaline or rare-earth metal oxides has
been shown to be effective. A third approach, which forms
the basis of this work, involves the addition of secondary
metals (e.g., Fe, Co, Pt, Ag, Au, and Mn) as promoters.
Herein, the authors focus on the use of Ni/Pt bimetallic
systems in which the surface is known to vary as a function
of temperature and adsorbates (Scheme 1). They first
undertook the preparation of "pure" supported Ni/Pt
bimetallic NPs possessing a controlled surface composition
and structure. The evolution of the surface composition and
structure of the obtained bimetallic catalysts under simulated
reaction conditions was then investigated by various
microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The authors
went on to demonstrate that upon thermal treatment the
16
Scheme 1. Surface restructuring of Ni/Pt bimetallic systems induced by
temperature and adsorbates.ethylene, benzene, and naphthalene without
the substantial formation.
Scheme 2. Evolution of the surface structure of the Ni/Pt bimetallic NPs
upon thermal treatment.
The Catalyst Review
March 2015
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