September/October 2023 - 19

level of the arena, which allowed the
lowest level of tiebacks to be installed.
However, three to four levels of tiebacks
were missing and could not easily be
installed as planned. Given the limited
load, the best solution was to replace the
tiebacks with tie rods anchored to
deadmen just beyond the footprint of
the snorkel. In order to expedite the
work, flowable fill was used as backfill
below the snorkel, which added to the
stability of the deadmen. The northsouth
internal bracing had to be left in
place, and the snorkel was built around
the large pipe struts. These would be cut
off after filling the remainder of the
ramp, and the walls of the snorkel
would be patched.
The idea of filling the ramp with
65 ft (20 m) of compacted soil fill during
the wettest months in Seattle was
something of a concern. The fill was in a
restricted area requiring a lot of hand
operations, and the pipe struts for the
internal bracing had to be buried in place. The lateral pressure
of the wet flowable fill was more than the wall could
accommodate within a reasonable time. The concept was to
replace each of the planned tiebacks consisting of six rows
with tie rods connected to the temporary soldier piles used to
Excavation in the southeast portion of the garage
create the ramp at the back of the excavation. The connection
details were cumbersome, and the ability to prestress the
rods was limited due to the finite amount of soil fill that could
be placed above each level of ties. But inspiration can come in
at any moment. In a relatively casual conversation, the
Solar panel installation (Photo: Mortenson)
DEEP FOUNDATIONS * SEPT/OCT 2023 * 19

September/October 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of September/October 2023

TOC
September/October 2023 - Intro
September/October 2023 - 1
September/October 2023 - 2
September/October 2023 - TOC
September/October 2023 - 4
September/October 2023 - 5
September/October 2023 - 6
September/October 2023 - 7
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