September/October 2023 - 99

FEATURE ARTICLE
Versatility of Compaction Grouting to Stabilize and
Lift Large Structures
Large structures, such as a multistory
office building or a large storage tank,
are constructed the most economical
way possible, which may involve a
shallow foundation system placed on
native soil or compacted fill material.
Over the life of the structure, the
foundation system may not perform as
originally anticipated, leading to
differential settlement. Minor differential
settlement is expected; however,
settlement that exceeds allotted
tolerance can render the structure
inoperable. Compaction grouting is a
well-known and accepted ground
improvement technique that can be
used to not only stabilize but relevel
multistory buildings and large diameter
storage tanks. Two projects, each
with differing types of structures, were
successfully remediated utilizing compaction
grouting as the primary method
to remedy settlement.
Grain Silo, South Dakota
In 2017 and 2018, a grain storage
facility was constructed in Presho,
South Dakota, which included four
grain silos, each with a storage capacity
of 750,000 bushels (2,640 m3) and a
spread footing foundation diameter of
105 ft (32 m). During construction, the
upper 4 ft (1.2 m) of soil was excavated
and replaced with imported engineered
fill consisting of fine to medium grained
clayey sand and traces of gravel. Below
the imported fill, native soil comprising
stiff fat clay with some sand extended
from 6-35 ft (1.8-10.6 m) below ground
surface, underlain by Pierre shale. The
anticipated differential settlement of
these silos was on the order of 1-2 in
(25.4-50.8 mm) upon filling.
At the completion of construction,
the silos were filled with grain in incremental
stages while being monitored
for changes in elevation. During filling
AUTHORS Joe Harris, Nicholas Aro and Matthew Rahmeyer, P.E., Keller North America
DEEP FOUNDATIONS * SEPT/OCT 2023 * 99
operations in January 2019, the filling
equipment of one grain bin, classified as
Bin 4, experienced operational issues
due to the bin settling differentially.
This alerted the owner, who ordered
more surveys and visual observation,
during which cracking in the bin's
foundations became evident.
The 105 ft (32 m) diameter grain bin silo, Bin 4

September/October 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of September/October 2023

TOC
September/October 2023 - Intro
September/October 2023 - 1
September/October 2023 - 2
September/October 2023 - TOC
September/October 2023 - 4
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