Mass Transit - 37

actions to mitigate an imminent risk,
such as automatic emergency braking
that stops the vehicle if the driver is
not responding to alerts. Other vehicle
motion control systems that can be integrated with ZF's ADAS functions include
electric steering, which offer lane keeping when combined with a camera, and
advanced braking systems, explains Dan
Williams, director, ADAS and autonomy,
ZF Commercial Vehicle Division.
"ZF systems operate similar to the
human principles of see, think and act,"
Williams said. "They utilize sensors such
as cameras and radars to 'see' the environment, [and use] central processing
units that 'think' by processing the information from the sensors and deciding
what actions might need to be taken."
New Flyer is also testing the possibilities of ADAS, however its approach is a
bit different. In May 2019, the company
started a partnership with Robotic Research to develop a Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Level 4 AV bus as

a way for New Flyer to build confidence
in the technology, says Kirk Burcar,
vice president, engineering services,
New Flyer. According to SAE International, an SAE Level 4 vehicle performs
all driving tasks autonomously while it
monitors the environment.
"We strongly believe [ADAS] should
not be simply bolted on to any existing
bus," Burcar said. "As such, we have gone
to great efforts to fully integrate Robotic
Research technology into the electrical
architecture of the New Flyer bus. The
'brains' of the system are located on the
bus and connected to the cloud."
Information from the sensors is relayed
to the ADAS controller that interprets
the signals and processes the information through automated driving system
algorithms, which determine the vehicle's
trajectory and speed based on an intended
predetermined path, Burcar explains.
Regardless of the functions performed
by ADAS, the systems serve as building
blocks for future automated solutions.

"These ADAS technologies are the
foundations for future automation," Cacic said. "As the technologies continue to
improve, degrees of automation could be
added with proper testing and evaluation, though it may be some time before
automation could be applied within the
complexities of the transit environment."

ADAS Serve as the
Foundation for Automated
Driving Technologies

Improvements in ADAS technology have
made some autonomous driving tasks
possible, such as advanced braking systems. These improvements include better
sensing technology and faster processing
and computing speeds, allowing companies to explore more sophisticated functions and higher levels of performance.
For Rosco, Cacic says advancements
in the processing power and artificial intelligence of the microprocessors within
Mobileye Shield+ has improved image
recognition and low-light detection,

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PEDESTRIAN

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For more information, visit www.MassTransitmag.com/11211076
JUNE 2020 | MassTransitmag.com | Mass Transit |

37
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