April 2021 - 31

BIOLOGICAL PRODUCTS TECHNOLOGY
are quite diverse, and a thorough
understanding of these aspects is
critical for successful biopesticide
use. As emphasized in the new IPM
model, while biopesticide use is an
integral part of crop protection,
understanding the pest biology, using
biopesticides appropriate for the
target life stage of the pest, applying
them at the right time and rate
using the right technology, avoiding
incompatibility issues, building and
sharing effective use strategies and
continuously investing in research
and outreach are essential elements of
biopesticide use.
Biopesticides also play an important
role in insecticide resistance
management (IRM) to address
resistance issues associated with
synthetic pesticides. This article
provides an overview of various
biopesticide categories and general
strategies for their successful use for
IPM and IRM.
Biopesticides can be used for
managing arthropod pests, bacterial
GAM1_1Q2021_April Print Ad_Draft.pdf 1 3/29/21 12:56 PM
or fungal pathogens, plant-parasitic
nematodes, weeds, snails and
slugs. Some formulations or active
ingredients have multiple roles and
can be effective against more than
one category of pests. While some
active ingredients are very specific to
a particular pest or related species,
others have a broad-spectrum activity.
Based on the source, biopesticides can
be placed in four broad categories:
botanicals, microbials, toxins, and
minerals and other natural materials.
Botanical extracts: Plants are a rich
source of numerous phytochemicals
or secondary metabolites that have
a wide range of properties including
pesticidal activity. Acids, alkaloids,
flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and
terpenoids in plant extracts or oils
obtained from seeds and other plant
parts are some of the compounds
present in various biopesticides (Pino
et al., 2013). Azadirachtin, BLAD
(polypeptide from sweet lupine
See BIOPESTICIDES, page 30
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April 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of April 2021
