Midwest Vegetable Guide - 2022 - 43

Pesticide Application and Safety
Conversions for Liquid Pesticides on
Small Areas
Convert per acre rates to smaller areas by first converting the
rate to fl. oz. or dry oz. Then, find 100 sq. ft. rates by dividing
by 435.6, or 1,000 sq. ft. rates by dividing by 43.56. You can
convert fl. oz. or dry oz. back to a larger unit from there. Or,
use this table, which approximates the rate reductions into
common measuring increments.
Rate per Acre
1 pint
1 quart
2 quarts
1 gallon
25 gallons
50 gallons
75 gallons
100 gallons
Rate per 1,000
Square Feet
0.75 tablespoon
1.5 tablespoons
3 tablespoons
6 tablespoons
4.5 pints
4.5 quarts
7 quarts
9 quarts
Rate per 100
Square Feet
0.25 teaspoon
0.5 teaspoon
1 teaspoon
2 teaspoons
1 cup
1 pint
1.5 pints
1 quart
Check the pesticide label for the particular crop, pest, and site
of your planned use.
Evaluating Water Quality and
Compatibility of Pesticides Before
Tank-Mixing
Water that is added to the pesticide spray tank may vary in
pH, hardness and other qualities. These variations in water
types may influence the effectiveness of the pesticide
application. To learn about this subject, see The Impact of
Water Quality on Pesticide Performance (Purdue Extension
publication PPP-86) available from the Education Store,
edustore.purdue.edu.
Read the label and follow directions. If the label states, " Do
not mix with other products, " that direction must be followed.
If using different products, and one label states, " Add last to
spray tank " , that direction must be followed If the label
states, " Do not use adjuvants " , that direction must be
followed.
Follow these steps to do a jar test of a new mixture of
chemistries to ensure compatibility in the tank. These ratios
will approximate 25 gallons per acre. Between each
ingredient, let it stand for a few minutes to see if there is a
reaction. If there is a precipitate, or the material greases out,
or heats up, don't use it in the field. The allowable separation
in the jar depends on the amount of agitation in your
equipment.
1.
In a 1 quart jar, add 1 pint of the same water or liquid
fertilizer that will be used in the field.
2. Add and agitate 1 1/2 teaspoon of any wettable dry
product(s) for each pound per acre to be used.
Formulation abbreviations include W, WP, WDG, DF,
Midwest Veg Guide 2022
43
D, or G.
3. Next, add and agitate 1 teaspoon for each quart per acre
of any liquid flowables and suspensions to be used.
Formulation abbreviations include FS, F, WS, SC.
4. Next, add and agitate 1 teaspoon for each quart per acre
of any microencapsulated or emulsifiable concentrates to
be used. Formulation abbreviations include ME, EC, or
E.
5. Finally, add and agitate 1 teaspoon for each quart per
acre of any surfactants and solutions to be used.
Formulation abbreviations include CS, S, or L.
Storing Pesticides for Next Season
Growers who store pesticides always should consider safety
and product quality, whether they will store products for a
few weeks or a year or more. It is best not to have leftover
pesticides. However, there usually are surplus pesticides at
the end of the season because preseason purchases often are
very economical.
Before storing pesticides always:
1. Read product labels. Certain formulations or products
have special storage requirements, which are printed on
the label.
2. Make certain the label is in good condition (legible) to
know what is in the container and for directions for safe,
effective, and legal use.
3. Write the purchase or delivery date on the label. Store
the oldest materials near the front of the storage area and
use older or opened products first. Products that are
several years old may not be effective.
4. Keep an up-to-date inventory of pesticides to assist in
purchase decisions and in emergencies.
a. Maintain storage temperatures between 32°F and
100°F. Ventilation is important for storage of most
pesticides. Keep pesticides dry and out of direct
sunlight.
5. Store herbicides away from other pesticides to prevent
use mix-up, contamination, and possible plant damage.
Never store pesticides with food or seed or near food or
drinking water.
6. Permanently identify and lock pesticide storage areas.
7. Keep a supply of cat litter or other absorbent material in
the storage to scatter over spills of liquid chemicals.
8. Hang a Class B inflammable liquids fire extinguisher
nearby.
http://www.edustore.purdue.edu/
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