January 2022 - 27

From left, symptoms of potato virus Y, potato mop-top virus and tobacco rattle virus in potatoes. Photos: Amy Charkowski, Colorado State University
Rethinking seed certification
Vision 2026 program moving toward grower-focused
seed potato certification system
By Chakradhar Mattupalli, Amy
Charkowski, Jason Ingram,
Melanie J. Filiatrault
A
crop consultant's persistence to
help seed potato growers and belief
that there was a faster and better
way to get seed health data provided a
perfect backdrop for researchers from
USDA-ARS (Ithaca, New York) and
Colorado State University (CSU) to
translate a decade-long lab-based work
into real world use. Interestingly, this
stakeholder-driven
effort merged well
with the National Potato Council's Vision
2026, a group tasked to recognize and
use new tools available to produce higher
quality potatoes to meet the demands
from consumers as margins get tighter.
A SYSTEM WITH OVER A
CENTURY-OLD HISTORY
Seed potato certification in the U.S.
has a history of protecting seed potato
health since 1913. Certification agencies
and researchers have determined which
pathogens are important, developed
sensitive molecular tests for nearly all
pathogens that limit U.S. seed potato
production, and developed appropriate
sampling and tolerance levels for tuberborne
diseases.
Current seed potato certification
relies primarily on visual inspection
of potato fields during the growing
season followed by postharvest grow
Turning 3,200 tubers into 128 FTA cards for documentation. Photo: Chakradhar Mattupalli,
Washington State University
outs for detecting viruses, such as PVY.
Collectively, the 16 state-level seed
potato certification programs evaluate
100,000 acres in the summer and further
sample over a million tubers from those
fields annually to evaluate the health of
seed lots in winter testing systems.
NEED TO ADJUST THE
STATUS QUO
So, if everything is in place, one
may be wondering whether there is a
need to revisit the current methods.
Well, continuous reliance on visually
identifiable symptoms has
provided
a form of selection pressure for
pathogen strains that lack easily
observed symptoms. In addition, global
movement of germplasm is responsible
for the introduction and dissemination
of other emerging pathogens that are
novel or changed since seed certification
was originally implemented. Several
new pathogens, such as potato mop-top
virus and tobacco rattle virus that can
cause processor rejection from internal
defects, are poorly understood. These
new pathogens may express foliar
Spudman * January 2022
25

January 2022

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of January 2022

January 2022 - 1
January 2022 - 2
January 2022 - 3
January 2022 - 4
January 2022 - 5
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/SPUD/march-2020
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https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/SPUD/january-2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/greatamericanmediaservices/SPUD/november-december-2019
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