February 2023 - 8

GLVPN VEG CONNECTION
Figure 1: The conditions for disease spread is
nearly perfect in a tomato transplant house since
the seedlings are grown close together and are
watered overhead. Photo: Purdue University
Avoid spreading tomato disease
throughout crop when transplanting
BY DANIEL S. EGEL
DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY AND PLANT
PATHOLOGY, PURDUE UNIVERSITY
W
hen tomato growers call
in the winter, it is often
to review last year's
production. I'm a plant pathologist,
so when last year's production
is reviewed, we discuss tomato
diseases. The foliar diseases we
most often discuss are bacterial
diseases: bacterial speck, bacterial
spot and bacterial canker.
Our discussion is often
about whether the appropriate
management techniques were
applied in the field, such as crop
rotation, sanitation and, of course,
what disease control products
were applied, and when. It is often
the case that the grower made
many of the correct choices and
yet had significant disease. So
what went wrong?
I would like to discuss here
another aspect of managing
8 | FEBRUARY 2023
bacterial diseases of tomato that
is too often neglected: transplant
production. Foliar diseases that
start at the transplant stage may
follow the crop all season long.
Before I
discuss tomato
transplant
disease
management,
I will briefly
consider
important
aspects of
biology that
differ between
these three
bacterial
diseases.
Bacterial spot and bacterial
disease may spread in the
transplant greenhouse (most
tomato transplant greenhouses
are watered overhead). If the
transplants are then planted
into the field, bacterial spot and
speck can spread from leaf to
leaf and from plant to plant in
the field given sufficient rain or
overhead irrigation.
If the transplants are planted in a
greenhouse or high tunnel (without
overhead irrigation), the lack of
rain will not allow bacterial spot or
speck to spread.
Bacterial canker is caused by a
DANIEL S. EGEL
speck cause lesions on tomato
foliage, including fruit. The
bacteria that cause these diseases
spreads by splashing rain or
overhead irrigation. If either of
these diseases is introduced
on seed or transplants, the
bacterium that becomes systemic
in the tomato plant, possibly moving
in the vascular system of the plant.
If bacterial canker is introduced
on tomato seed or transplants,
the disease may spread in the
transplant greenhouse. If diseased
transplants are planted in a
greenhouse or high tunnel, the
disease may move to additional
leaves, stems and fruit. Bacterial

February 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of February 2023

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