April 2016 - Parks & Recreation - 81

Operations
Green Infrastructure:
Making a Virtue of Necessity
By Eric Tamulonis, ASLA, LEED AP

G

reen infrastructure is a strategy that, effectively applied, elevates
parks to a more central role in our communities as part of our vital
civic infrastructure. This article merges the two typically cited but
different definitions of green infrastructure: a regional land protection strategy (such as greenways, conservation easements and floodplain protection), and a site-based set of technical tools (such as rain gardens and bioswales).
This range of actions spans the spectrum from state, county and municipal scale,
to construction of specific water quality enhancement projects at a site scale.
Application on a Range of Scales
Green infrastructure ranges from
natural land preservation measured
in square miles, and county and municipal efforts measured in acres, to
the design of specific stormwater

management bioengineering techniques measured in feet and inches.
These green infrastructure scales apply across public and private lands,
and in other city departments, notably streets and public works. In terms

Philadelphia is engaging in cross-departmental collaboration to implement green infrastrucutre projects.
	

of park and recreation applications,
green infrastructure applies to park
systems, individual parks and specific projects within parks. Knowing
the appropriate scale and strategies is
central to devising the best way to apply and manage green infrastructure.
Integrating the strategies across scales
leverages the effects of green infrastructure to greater advantage and
help to systematize its planning and
management. For example, Maryland's statewide green infrastructure
planning policy requires each county
to prepare a combined Land Preservation, Parks and Recreation Plan.
Although there is presently no national plan, efforts are being made by
Esri, a geographic information systems company, to develop one.
Water Is the Driving Force
Affected by climate change, water is an
increasingly important issue across the
nation - whether too much, too little
or the quality of the water itself. Water
quality protection is driven by compliance with the federal Clean Water Act
which addresses the overall quality
of our waterways and water supply.
Flood control is typically governed
by the U.S. Army Corps, but both the
Environmental Protection Agency and
the Corps have adopted an increasing
willingness to use green infrastructure
to serve their missions. In the past, socalled grey infrastructure - engineering measures such as dams, levees and
pipe systems - have been used to solve
these problems. These measures, while

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April 2016 - Parks & Recreation

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