January 2014 - Parks & Recreation - 17

and McCool 2002), and this reliance can be jeopardized
by marijuana cultivation. For example, some visitors or
commercial operators may be discouraged from using
a specific protected area due to the presence and perceived danger of illegal activity. The economic impacts
stretch well beyond near-park communities, as cultivation activities place unforeseen burdens on many agencies' budgets. For example, the National Park Service
estimates that for every acre of marijuana cultivation,
approximately 10 acres is damaged with an estimated
restoration cost of $11,000 per acre (National Drug Intelligence Center 2005).
Social Impacts
Land managers are charged with public safety and visitor enjoyment (Manning 2012), and marijuana production on public lands conflicts with this mandate. Often,
heavily-armed individuals secure and booby-trap grow
sites, and drug traffickers transport the marijuana after cultivation, posing additional threats to residents
in near-park communities. Additionally, some professionals suggest that growers may not voluntarily engage in cultivation and could perhaps be coerced and
threatened to participate by organized crime syndicates
(Beckley 2010).
Research Initiative
Given that this issue impacts the sustainability of public
lands, we are exploring the challenges and complexities
of illegal marijuana grows therein. To date, we have conducted semistructured interviews with 18 professionals
from NPS, USFS, BLM, USAO, the Bureau of Indian
Affairs (BIA), the Department of Justice (DOJ) and the
National Marijuana Initiative (NMI). The interviews
included individuals from diverse departments, such as
law enforcement, public affairs, ecology, administration
and resource management. Examples of the themes and
supporting quotes identified to date, as well as references from this article, can be found on www.parksand
recreation.org/2014/January/Cultivating-a-PotentialEcological,-Economic-and-Social-Disaster-Marijuanaon-Public-Lands.

:,//28*+B< &:BF

2utGoor
Bottle
Filler
The perfect solution for college
campuses, parks, or anywhere else
where ÀltereG water coulG Tuench a
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anG helps to reGuces the waste from
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8 0 0 . 4 2 8 . 4 0 6 5 | w w w. w i l l o u g h b y - i n d . c o m

W W W. N R PA . O R G | J A N UA R Y 2 0 1 4 |

© 2014 :illoughby ,nGustries ,nc.

Kelly S. Bricker is an Associate Professor (kelly.bricker@health.utah.
edu) and Matthew T.J. Brownlee is an Assistant Professor (matthew.
brownlee@hsc.utah.edu) in the Department of Parks, Recreation and
Tourism at the University of Utah. Jeffrey N. Rose is an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Environmental Studies at Davidson
College (jerose@davison.edu).

5(9,T Getails aYailable at our website.

Parks & Recreation

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January 2014 - Parks & Recreation

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of January 2014 - Parks & Recreation

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