May 2014 - Parks & Recreation - 33

L AW R E V I E W

Fingertips Removed by Playground Chain
By James C. Kozlowski, J.D., Ph.D.

A

s noted by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC);
" Each year, more than 200,000 children go to U.S. hospital emergency rooms with injuries associated with playground equipment. " According to the CPSC, most of these injuries " occur when a child falls from
the equipment onto the ground " (www.cpsc.gov/en/Safety-Education/SafetyGuides/Sports-Fitness-and-Recreation/Playground-Safety).
For any child old enough to be at
large, falls from heights are generally considered an open and obvious risk of injury. For such obvious
fall risks, a landowner generally
owes no legal duty of care to prevent inherent risks associated with
ordinary play activity. On the other
hand, when the obvious risk of injury associated with falls is unreasonably enhanced by the defective
design or unreasonably dangerous
condition on a piece of playground
equipment, the supplier and/or
owner of such equipment may be

liable for injuries associated with
such enhanced risks.
Among a number of recommendations in the " Public Playground
Safety Checklist, " CPSC identifies
the following entrapment hazard:
" Make sure spaces that could trap
children, such as openings in guardrails or between ladder rungs, measure less than 3.5 inches or more
than 9 inches " (www.cpsc.gov/en/
Safety-Education/Safety-Guides/
Spor ts-Fitness-and-Recreation/
Playg round-Safety/Public-Play
ground-Safety-Checklist).

As illustrated by the case described herein, openings in the
chain links on a playground swing
could entrap a child's fingers. Playground safety inspectors generally
use a number of differently sized
probes to measure existing openings in various pieces of playground
equipment, including swings, to
identify and address potential entrapment hazards.
The National Recreation and Park
Association trains and certifies individuals from communities across
the United States to be Certified
Playground Safety Inspectors (CPSIs). The CPSI program offers the
most comprehensive and up-to-date
training on playground safety as well
as providing certification for playground safety inspectors (www.nrpa.
org/cpsi).

W W W. N R PA . O R G | M AY 2 0 1 4 |

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