November 2010 - Parks & Recreation - 36

LAW REVIEW continued from page 33

courts consider acts performed by firefighters when they are in the line of duty
to be discretionary acts " :
While it is so that statutes, regulations,
and policies can create ministerial duties, when they relate to fire, police, or
other public safety services, they are

most often held to create discretionary
duties. In addition, the provision of
emergency medical services to members of the public is a discretionary
act.

Applying these principles to the facts
of the case, the federal court found that

" Stratford Fire Department policy provides that the incident commander possesses the sole discretion to engage in
a rescue attempt, including whether to
launch the zodiac boat. " In the opinion
of the federal district court, it was " clear
that the decision made by the Firefighter Defendants to launch the zodiac boat,
the procedures utilized in attempting to
rescue the decedent, and ultimately the
decision to call off their search for the
decedent required the exercise of judgment based on an analysis of numerous
factors. " As a result, the court concluded
that " the actions taken by the Firefighter
Defendants on the date in question were
discretionary " and, therefore, immune
from liability.

Public Recreation Discretion
In addition to the town firefighters,
Popow alleged that the Town of Stratford and Stratford director of parks and
recreation, Patricia Patusky, were negligent in failing to " post warning signs "
to " warn the decedent and others similarly situated of the hazardous and unsafe conditions present at Long Beach
and the surrounding waters of Long Island Sound. " Popow also alleged that
the Town was negligent by " inviting the
public to use Long Beach when there
were no lifeguards on duty " and failing
to " adequately warn that the lifeguards
were not on duty. "
In the opinion of the federal district
court, the same legal analysis of the
failed rescue attempt which led it to conclude that " qualified immunity " precluded Popow's negligence claims against
the firefighters applied " equally to the
Town of Stratford and Patusky. " In so doing, the court found " [t]he Town of Stratford is entitled to the same discretionary
act immunity that applies to the individual Defendants in this case, " i.e., the firefighters and Patusky. As described by
the federal court, the Connecticut legislature had " codified the tort liability of
municipalities " as follows:
Conn. Gen. Stat. § 52-557n(a)(2)(B) extends the same discretionary act
immunity that applies to municipal officials to the municipalities themselves
by providing that municipalities will
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34	 Parks & Recreation

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November 2010 - Parks & Recreation

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November 2010 - Parks & Recreation - 1
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