September 2017 - Parks & Recreation - 61

Rundell Ernstberger

Bowling Green, Kentucky, residents enjoy the
community gathering space in Circus Square
Park, depicted in an architect's drawing (top).

Parks can be an economic development
engine for a community. However, the
design must create a more sustainable,
walkable, vibrant, active and connected
neighborhood and city. The neighborhood, the public and business owners all
need to adopt the park for the benefits
to continue to be transformational and
provide the necessary support and programming for it to be an active space, including taking part in maintenance and
cleanup. There must be a funding strategy for construction, long-term mainte-

nance and programming.
Finally,
besides
design and construction, planning
and designers must
take special caution
and work with local
leaders to develop
strategies to address
gentrification around new parks. For
most transformational parks, economic
development generally starts to occur
on underused and vacant sites. Often, as
property values rise, businesses and people who currently live adjacent to the site
get relocated because they cannot afford
to continue to operate or live there.
Strategies to minimize gentrification
could include working with community
development corporations or other nonprofits to purchase land to build affordable mixed-use buildings. A government
jurisdiction could purchase land through
a land bank to sell lots to developers who

would build low-to-middle income housing and senior housing. In Boston, the city
council voted to reduce or freeze property
taxes to protect longtime businesses and
residents. However, it does require approval of the state legislature.
Cities or nonprofits can also provide
maintenance grants to low-to-moderate
income families and seniors for upkeep of
their property. In some areas, nonprofits
are linking neighbors to help those less fortunate maintain their property by cutting
grass, painting, fixing siding and porches,
etc. Cities can also consider limiting or
prohibiting large, luxury developments in
areas that are at-risk for gentrification. Finally, changing in zoning regulations that
make development easier and more affordable will allow the supply to increase,
meeting the demand and, thereby, limiting the effects of gentrification.
Cynthia A. Bowen, AICP, LEED AP, is President of
the American Planning Association and the
Director of Planning for Rundell Ernstberger
(cbowen@reasite.com).

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