American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 55

The screen border is a
solid reference in space to the eye.
This means that objects can come
forward successfully only if they
are

not

cropped by the border of

the screen. For this reason objects

successfully extend out to
disap¬
or retreat back into the

cannot

the audience and either

pear

screen or

cut to

a

different scene.

A 3-D movie

requires

human eyes to do something they
never do otherwise: the
crystal¬
line eye lenses must focus on the
movie screen while the right and
left eyes must converge at a point
in front of, or in back of, the
screen surface. In real life, a
pair
of eyes converge and focus on the

3-D BASIC RULE:

Objects "positioned" in front of the screen plane must not
interrupted by the screen's border.

be

plane. Graphic patterns
wallpaper) in a 3-D movie
can cause
great visual confusion,
because the eyes try to force the
convergence to occur at the
screen plane (where the eye
lenses are focused) by matching
up the pattern incorrectly. Even
patterns as simple as jail bars or
starfields can cause this problem.
When an object "comes
same

(like

off" the screen in a 3-D movie, the
human eye is being required to
do something abnormal to its
muscle system. Objects coming at
us must move at a slow enough

speed for the eye to be coaxed
into accepting focus and conver¬
gence as two separate functions.
If an object in front of the screen
is transparent, the eyes will natu¬
rally converge at the screen plane,
destroying the 3-D effect. Even
smoke effects, beloved by many
cinematographers, must be kept
in the distance.

The left and

right eyes
required to do inde¬
pendent vertical tracking. There
cannot be
must be

no

difference between

the

right and left eye images ex¬
cept horizontal parallax. Human
eyes are capable of a very limited
amount of independent vertical
tracking, but it causes an almost
immediate headache in most

people from the unusual

eyemuscle strain involved. This

simply means that close attention
must constantly be given to cam¬
era, beam-splitter and projector

360°format projection, plan view
360° formats utilize
positioned between the screen dividers.
All of the multi-camera

March 1990

a

series of locked

American

projectors that

Cinematographer

are

53



American Cinematographer - March 1990

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Cinematographer - March 1990

American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 1
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 2
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 3
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 4
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 5
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 6
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 7
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 8
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 9
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 10
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 11
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 12
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 13
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 14
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 15
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 16
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 17
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 18
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 19
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 20
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 21
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 22
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 23
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 24
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 25
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 26
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 27
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 28
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 29
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 30
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 31
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 32
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 33
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 34
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 35
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 36
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 37
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 38
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 39
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 40
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 41
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 42
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 43
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 44
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 45
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 46
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 47
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 48
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 49
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 50
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 51
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 52
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 53
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 54
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 55
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 56
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 57
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 58
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 59
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 60
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 61
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 62
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 63
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 64
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 65
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 66
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 67
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 68
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 69
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 70
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 71
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 72
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 73
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 74
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 75
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 76
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 77
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 78
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 79
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 80
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 81
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 82
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 83
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 84
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 85
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 86
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 87
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 88
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 89
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 90
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 91
American Cinematographer - March 1990 - 92
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199802
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199801
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199707
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199706
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199704
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199703
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199702
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199612
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199611
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199609
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199608
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199607
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199606
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199605
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199604
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199603
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199602
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199512
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199511
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199510
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199509
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199508
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199507
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199505
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199504
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199503
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199502
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199412
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199411
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199410
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199409
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199408
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199407
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199406
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199405
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199404
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199403
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199306
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199106
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199104
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199103
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199006
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199005
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ac/ac199001
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com