The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 44, No. 1 - 20

R . Jason Lynch

Table 2
RA Experiences with Trauma Support
(N = 208)
n
Most frequent types of trauma
Death of a loved one
Family issue
Suicidal ideation, attempt,
or completion
Severe mental health episode
Hate crimes & discrimination
Sexual violence
Witness to traumatic event
Life-threatening illness or injury
Substance abuse
Eating disorder
Domestic violence
Economic hardship
Robbery
Physical assault
Military combat mental or
physical injury
Natural or man-made disaster

20

%

118
96
90

56.7
46.2
43.3

75
73
62
47
41
40
37
33
33
25
23
8

36.1
35.1
29.8
22.6
19.7
19.2
17.8
15.9
15.9
12.0
11.1
3.8

5

2.4

Most frequent types of training
addressing trauma support
Summer RA training
Staff meetings
Spring RA training
In-service training
Online training
No formal training

159
141
134
129
63
0

76.4
67.8
64.4
62.0
30.3
0.0

Average time supporting
students experiencing trauma
Never
Once a year
Few times a year
Once a month
Few days a month
Few days a week
Every day
Prefer not to answer

20
40
87
32
19
9
1
1

9.6
19.2
41.8
15.4
9.1
4.3
0.5
0.5

Table 3 displays the results of the exploratory factor analysis (EFA). Researchers
used multiple criteria when determining the
number of factors to retain. Factor retention was determined using the criterion of
eigenvalue greater than 1.00. Item retention
was determined using items that produced
factor weights above .30 and factors that had
a minimum of three items (DeVellis, 2011;
Henson & Roberts, 2006). Results indicated a
four factor model consistent with the DSM-V
post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms of intrusive thoughts and avoidance. The symptom
of arousal and reactivity was excluded, while
dividing the symptom of negative alteration in
mood and cognition into two factors. These two
factors were described as external (NAMEX)
and internal (NAMIN), with items clustered
in relation to their orientation to the external
self and the inner self. Communalities ranged
from .41 to .97. Additionally, all subscales resulted in satisfactory alpha levels, between .88
and .89, with the overall instrument reflecting
an alpha of .94.
Table 4 illustrates results of the confirmatory factor analysis. Results demonstrated
a model of reasonable fit using root mean
square of error approximations (RMSEA),
comparative fit indices (CFI), and chi-square
values (Hooper, Coughlan, & Mullen, 2008).
Analyses indicated that the data adequately fit
within the first order model, X2(246) = 453.88,
p = <.01, CFI = .92, RMSEA = .07. Analyses
also indicated that the data adequately fit the
second order model, X2(248) = 457.08, p =
<.01, CFI = .92, RMSEA = .07.

T h e J o u r n a l o f C o l l e g e a n d U n i v e r s i t y St u d e n t H o u s i n g



The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 44, No. 1

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