The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 44, No. 3 - 105
Marijuana Laws
Table 3 (continued)
HLM Estimates, Drug and Alcohol
Violations
Dependent Variable
Drugs (log)
Alcohol (log)
(1)
(2)
Marijuana - Illegal
-0.284
(0.237)
-0.103
(0.279)
Marijuana - Legal
0.841**
(0.345)
0.921**
(0.439)
Marijuana - Medical &
Decriminalized
0.184
(0.260)
0.559*
(0.316)
Marijuana - Medical
0.519*
(0.281)
0.600*
(0.331)
Beer Tax
-0.132
(0.318)
Spirits Tax
-0.079*
(0.042)
Wine Tax
0.560**
(0.225)
Constant
-5.221***
(0.585)
-6.747***
(0.632)
σμ
0.165
0.230
σ^∈
1.496
1.616
1,333
48
-2,201.085
4,438.170
4,531.684
1,333
48
-2,257.525
4,557.050
4,666.149
State Policy Variables
Random Effects
Observations
Groups
Log Likelihood
Akaike Inf. Crit.
Bayesian Inf. Crit.
Note. Standard errors in parentheses.
*p < 0.1. **p < 0.05. ***p < 0.01.
holding other variables constant, model 1
shows that drug violations are 157% higher at
public institutions compared to private. nCaa
membership, however, was not significant.
for drug offenses at least, the large public
four-year institution with plentiful on-campus
housing space and a relatively lower percentage of female and graduate students, presents
a prime example of a party school in the narrowly tailored context of this study.
the impacts of marijuana policy on college
student drug violations provide illuminating
findings that in some ways confound intended reformative or progressive effects of the
regulations. model 1 shows that accessibility
of state-sanctioned recreational (p < .05) and
medical (p < .10) marijuana is significant and
positively associated with student drug offenses in on-campus housing. put in proportional
terms, a college's drug violations in on-campus
housing increase by 132% and 68% in states
where marijuana is available for recreational
and medical purchase, respectively. While drug
violations for marijuana specifically cannot be
parsed from the data analyzed, these results
point to issues related to adoption of various
marijuana laws and regulations that will be
discussed in the next section.
model 2 shows results with log alcohol violations in on-campus housing as the response
variable. at the institution-level, nCaa membership is a positive indicator of alcohol violations (p < .01), which aligns with prior research
(Weitzman et al., 2004). likewise, higher relative proportions of White (p < .01) and latino/a
(p < .10) students are associated with higher
alcohol offense rates, though no such finding
for gender was indicated by the models tested.
as with drug violations, public institutions
V o l u m e 4 4 , No. 3 * 2 0 1 8
105
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 44, No. 3
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Contents
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 44, No. 3 - Intro
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