The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1 - 55

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CONCLUSION
Within the context of five Canadian universities, living in residence was shown to have a
positive impact for students' retention to the
second year and persistence to graduation, with
benefits more pronounced for international
students. Of interest, the advantages of living
in residence were upheld even after the study
controlled for demographic variables such as
incoming high school GPA, gender, faculty of
study, age, fee status, and cohort year, a finding
that reinforces the contribution of on-campus
living to student success. The effect of living in
residence on students' GPAs was found to be
inconclusive, with a very small positive effect
for international students. Going forward,
there are three important research questions
that could build on the value of this work:
whether these findings are applicable across a
broader sample of Canadian universities; what
other additional outcomes, such as student
satisfaction or engagement, are associated
with residence life; and how to determine and
measure possible links between the residence
experience and observed benefits so that residence programs can be tailored accordingly.
Unrelated to the study but also worth
noting was the shift in the residence types in
which students were living. Traditional-style
residences remained the most common form
of on-campus units, while the number of
choices for hybrid and connected units with a
shared washroom increased. Among the five
universities studied, 64% of first-year students
living in residence lived in traditional units,
followed by suite/apartment-style units (22%),

hybrid/connected units (10%), and townhouses (4%). Even though traditional housing remained most common, the results during the
five-year period of the study revealed that this
dominant form of unit is beginning to decline
due to the construction of other building styles
on the campuses. Between 2008 and 2013, the
percentage of first-year students living in traditional residences decreased from 69% to 59%.
The percentage living in hybrid and connected
units, on the other hand, increased substantially, from 7% of first-year residence students
in 2008 to 15% in 2013. This shift in residence
types offers an interesting variable worth analyzing further in future studies. Furthermore,
the participating institutions experienced a
19% increase over five years in the number of
full-time first-year students living in residence,
showing that Canadian universities may need
to continue expanding their residence offerings to keep up with demand.
The participating universities are delving
deeper into their own results to garner their
own institution's insights in comparison to the
collective data. The study has paved the way
for increased analysis, particularly with respect
to variables such as international students,
gender, faculty or area of study, and the possible effects of various room types. OACUHO
is taking the lead with the continuation of the
project and research. The longer-term goal is
to update the research at regular intervals, possibly every three years, to monitor trends over
time, and to involve other Canadian universities that wish to participate.

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The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1

Contents
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1 - Intro
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1 - Cover1
The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1 - Cover2
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The Journal of College and University Student Housing - Volume 45, No. 1 - Cover4
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