American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2015 - 104
SpecialReport: Tubulars Technology
FIGURE 2
Whirl, Lateral Vibration and Bending Events
As Bit is Placed on Bottom/Pulled off Bottom
FIGURE 3
Continual Reactive Torque (Stick-Slip)
Caused by Over-Aggressive Bit Design with Motor BHA
104 THE AMERICAN OIL & GAS REPORTER
real-time need for an MWD survey (for
official surveys, a gyro survey would be
run prior to drilling the next section).
Memory data were recorded to the
tool every five seconds and analyzed
after each run. This more comprehensive
dataset shows short-lived events that are
not always observable in real time to enhance drilling procedures on subsequent
runs.
Resolving Problems
The downhole data transmitted over
the course of the first vertical section
identified that the drilling system was unstable and produced numerous backward
whirl events, which generated high lateral
vibration and bending moments. Based
on past experience drilling intermediate
vertical sections, the plan called for rotating
the drill string in excess of 100 rpm,
which only added to lateral dynamic dysfunctions and was not needed, given the
motor's rotation speed of about 150 rpm.
Bit damage caused by whirl events
included broken cutters and damage to
the back edge of the PDC blades. As the
whirl events occurred, well site drilling
performance experts advised decreasing
drill string rpm to 20-40 and increasing
WOB with a corresponding decrease in
flow to help stabilize the bit/BHA. This
positively impacted the drilling process,
halting each whirl event as it occurred
(Figure 1).
Drilling was completed on the first
well with no twist-offs, and the operator
was alerted to the instability of the 121⁄4inch system. Subsequently, the intermediate vertical hole size was changed to
105⁄8 inches, which helped decrease the
lateral movement of the 8-inch BHA.
The real-time interpretation of the downhole data during the course of the next
five wells highlighted fewer backward
whirl events in the smaller-sized holes.
Despite the success of the hole size
change, interpretations of the downhole
data identified common backward whirl
events while placing and pulling the bit
on- and off-bottom for connections (Figure
2). To help eliminate whirl, improved
guidelines were established to enhance
the process and stabilize the drilling system. During the course of reviewing the
processes adopted for connections, subsequent recommendations identified keeping the drill string rpm low. That included
maintaining rpm below 20 until WOB
was established, and decreasing to 20
rpm before reducing WOB.
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2015
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2015 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2015 - Cover2
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2015 - Cover3
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