American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 72

SpecialReport: Hydraulic Fracturing Technology
FIGURE 2
Mechanical Straddle Packer System
Pressure & Temperature
Gauges: Above

Upper Mechanical Packer

Pressure & Temperature
Gauges: Straddle

Treating Port

systems focus on performing a limited
number of tasks well (i.e., going through
tubing restrictions and expanding to larger
casing sizes, achieving a maximum pressure differential or flow rate, conveying
proppant, coiled tubing-conveyance, etc.).
Each design generally has performance
constraints. For example, a highly expandable inflatable straddle may be limited on maximum flow rate, while a system designed for maximum pressure differential may have a confined ability to
pump proppant.
To overcome these limitations, the
new straddle assembly is comprised of
two fully mechanical packers and a treating
port that can be closed to enable debris
circulation to minimize stuck-in-hole risk
(Figure 2). The design eliminates the use
of sealing cups, which wear as they are
run down hole and can result in more
zones per trip, less nonproductive time
spent tripping tools and reduced HS&E
risk. The straddle system also is fitted
with three memory gauge subs that record
five streams of pressure and temperature
data at different parts of the tool during
treatment, providing valuable insights for

Pressure & Temperature
Gauges: Below

Lower Mechanical Packer

post-job analysis.
The packers are activated using J-slot
mechanisms, which make them coiledtubing-friendly because no rotation is required. This feature also make the straddle
tool applicable to any bottom-hole pressure
conditions because its actuation does not
depend on formation pressure or holddown buttons. A large bore permits
propped frac rates up to 20 barrels/minute
and a moderate expansion element enables
pressure differentials up to 10,000 psi
with multiple cycles.
Delaware Basin Application
No mechanical or operational issues
were observed while fracturing and producing any of the six Yeso wells. Scale
problems, specifically calcium and iron
sulfates, are common in the formation in
this area. Consequently, all wells were
chemically treated frequently. Moreover,
none of the wells could flow naturally
because of lower reservoir pressures, so
artificial lift had been installed in all six
since day one. There were no downhole
pressure gauges installed, but wellhead
pressures were recorded periodically.

All six wells were landed in the same
zone of the Yeso formation and completed
with the same design using similar amounts
of proppant. From the production data
analysis, there appears to be a correlation
between reservoir thickness and first-year
cumulative oil production. However, Well
4 had the lowest cumulative first-year
production (67 percent lower on average
than its five neighboring wells), even
though it is located in the middle of the
development where the reservoir is thicker
than at Wells 1, 2 and 3.
As shown in Figure 3, not only did
Well 4's production profile not match those
of Wells 3 and 5 (with similar reservoir
quality), but it exhibited a level production
profile rather than reaching a normal peak
production, as was clearly observed in the
adjacent wells' production histories.
There was no "tested-and-true" recipe
to treat these wells. Conventional deployment techniques such as plug-and-packer
were considered, but based on cost and
risk factors, an HCl-based fluid that had
previously been used on similar vertical
wells in the area was chosen to restimulate
Well 4. The strategy was to optimize treatment volumes to keep costs down by taking
advantage of the straddle system's ability
to precisely place treatment volumes in individual sets of perforations or clusters.
A workover rig with 2-inch tubing
was used to deploy the straddle and acidize
the 30 perforation clusters individually
by pumping 1,500 gallons of 15-percent
HCl fluid on each. The operation was
performed in a single trip from beginning
to completion, and it lasted approximately
30 hours spread over three days of daylight
hours. Figure 4 shows an overall pressure
versus time plot of the operation recorded

FIGURE 3

Cumulative Oil Production (bbl x 1,000)

Cumulative Oil Production versus Time (Months) and Daily Oil Rate versus Time (Date)
Well 5

Well 4

Well 6

Well 3

Well 1

Well 2

Well 2
Well 1

Oil Rate (bbl/d)

Well 3
Well 4

0

5

10

15

20
25
Time (Months)

30

72 THE AMERICAN OIL & GAS REPORTER

35

40

45

Well 6
Well 5

0

5

10

15

20
25
Time (Months)

30

35

40

45



American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 4
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 6
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 7
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 8
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 9
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 10
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 11
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 12
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 13
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 14
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 15
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 16
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 17
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 18
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 19
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 20
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 21
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 22
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 23
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 24
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 25
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 26
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 27
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 28
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 29
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 30
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 31
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 32
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 33
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 34
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 35
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 36
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 37
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 38
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 39
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 40
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 41
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 42
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 43
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 44
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 45
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 46
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 47
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 48
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 49
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 50
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 51
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 52
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 53
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 54
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 55
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 56
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 57
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 58
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 59
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 60
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 61
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 62
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 63
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 64
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 65
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 66
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 67
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 68
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 69
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 70
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 71
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 72
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 73
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 74
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 75
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 76
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 77
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 78
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 79
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 80
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 81
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 82
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 83
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 84
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 85
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 86
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 87
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 88
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 89
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 90
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 91
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 92
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 93
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 94
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 95
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 96
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 97
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 98
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 99
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 100
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 101
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 102
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 103
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 104
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 105
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 106
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 107
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 108
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 109
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 110
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 111
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 112
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 113
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 114
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 115
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 116
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 117
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 118
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 119
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 120
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 121
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 122
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 123
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 124
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 125
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 126
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 127
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 128
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 129
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 130
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 131
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 132
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 133
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 134
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 135
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 136
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 137
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 138
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 139
American Oil and Gas Reporter - August 2018 - 140
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202403
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios_202310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202306
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios_202110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202106
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202104
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202103
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202006
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202005
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios_201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201802
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201801
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201707
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201706
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201704
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201703
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201702
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201612
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201611
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios2016_programguide
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201609
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201608
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201607
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201606
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201605
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201604
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201603
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201602
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201512
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201511
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201510
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201509
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201508
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201507
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201505
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201504
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201503
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201502
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201412
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201411
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201410
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201409
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/pbios2014_programguide
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201408
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201407
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201406
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201405
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201404
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201403
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201306
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/2012_pbios
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/demo/aogr_clone
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201112
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com