American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - 57

With key parameters identified, Monte
Carlo simulation is run with reservoir
simulation to understand the uncertainty
of EUR, NPV and other objective functions
to make critical drilling and development
decisions.
The integrated reservoir model takes
into account the production system models (the subsea system plays a critical
role not only in flow assurance, but also
in reservoir management), wellbore
models built for each completion, and
pipeline models with subsea manifolds
and flowlines.
The objective of history matching is to
generate a reliable production forecast for
various production and development scenarios, matching the hydrocarbon rate to
flowing and shut-in bottom-hole pressure,
as well as GOR and water cut. A good
history match is essential, but not a guarantee of a reliable production forecast.
All of the reservoir surveillance, data
management, quality check and history
matching efforts will not generate any
value without timely actions. Because of
this, the project team is committed to
utilizing production surveillance and history-matched models to make timely and
informed development decisions.

With the help of subsea multiphase
meters, the E-1 well was tested by cutting
the rate in half. GOR dropped from 4,500
to 2,200 within a couple days and the
productivity index increased from 4 to 14
bbl/psi. Production forecasts were run at
different rates and confirmed that producing
the well at a lower oil rate would increase
EUR significantly. As a result, the E-1
has been producing at 3,000 bbl/d and
pressure has been maintained (Figure 3A).
The E-3 well penetrates multiple reservoirs: the 4200 sand (higher productivity
index, lighter oil and a small aquifer)
and the 4400 sand (lower productivity

index, heavier oil and a large aquifer).
The E-3 initially was brought on line
producing the zones individually, but the
integrated reservoir model was used to
perform a production forecast with two
reservoirs commingled. The results showed
that commingling would give the E-3 a
longer plateau rate and better EUR while
the 4200's lighter oil would help lift the
4400's heavier oil and water production.
Since commingling the 4200 and 4400
sands, the E-3 has produced more than
10 million barrels of oil and 9 Bcf of
gas, making it one of the best performers
in the field (Figure 3B).

Optimizing Production
The integrated reservoir study has increased the value of the Who Dat Field
greatly, and the team continues to use
the study to optimize production and development. One example was drilling a
horizontal well at the updip location in
the 4600 reservoir to avoid gas coning. It
was concluded from reservoir modeling
that a horizontal well with a lateral length
of 1,000-1,500 feet would generate higher
rates and reserves recovery.
While drilling the horizontal, however,
the decision was made on the fly-based
on guidance from the integrated model-
to stop at 750 feet because the productivity
index was sufficient at that lateral length
without risking drilling a longer interval.
Shortly after coming on line, the well's
GOR climbed to 1,450 at an oil rate of
6,000 bbl/d. The rate has since been limited
to 4,000 bbl/d to minimize gas coning,
and GOR has remained under 1,300.
Similarly, the E-1 well in the 4700
reservoir experienced an abnormally high
(4,500) GOR when put on production
and bottom-hole pressure was declining
severely at an oil rate of 6,000 bbl/d. A
subsequent well penetrated the updip area
and showed the zone to be gas-bearing,
indicating the reservoir is not in equilibrium with a gas cap and undersaturated
oil rim. History matching then was performed to gain insights of the location of
the gas cap.
NOVEMBER 2018 57


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American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - 1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - 2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - November 2018 - 4
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