American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - 61

arate prestack inversions were run with
identical parameters to obtain elastic parameters from the conditioned gathers
and raw gathers.

FIGURE 3
Inverted Inline Section of Acoustic Impedance Before (A) and After (B)
Conditioning and Shear Impedance Before (C) and After (D) Conditioning
(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

P-Impedance
(ft/s*g/cc)
50,000

Impact On Interpretation
A key aspect of understanding the impact of the conditioning workflow on the
resulting geologic interpretation is considering how it improves the stacked
image quality. Figure 2 shows the impact
of noise on fault imaging using the stacks
derived from the raw and conditioned
gathers. This example is centered on an
Eagle Ford lateral (red) drilled across
multiple faults (blue arrows) that are
poorly imaged in the raw stack (left)
compared with the conditioned stack
(right). Using the raw stack will place
much more risk on planning and drilling
a lateral around this degree of faulting
and structural complexity.
Prestack conditioning often has an
outsized impact on prestack inversion results. To compare the inversion results
from the conditioned gathers with the
raw gathers, an inline and extract values
were selected within the Eagle Ford formation that highlight the risk associated
with using poor quality gathers for inversion. Figures 3A and 3B compare inverted acoustic impedance from raw and
conditioned gathers. The raw gather result
looks nosier than the conditioned result.
The acoustic impedance data is representative of the near-incidence angle response in the gathers, which would be
expected to have the best signal quality
among the offsets in the gather, so the
differences between the inverted vertical
sections is noteworthy.
Representing the response of the middle
and far offsets in the gathers, the shear
impedance results in Figures 3C and 3D
have a noisier response than the acoustic
impedance results. Within the Eagle Ford
formation, the raw results have a more
varied impedance response than the conditioned results. The black horizons are
interpretations of the top and base of the
formation. These vertical sections are
seven miles across and show about 600
milliseconds of vertical section.
To see the lateral extent of these differences, the average inverted acoustic
impedances for the raw and conditioned
results were computed over a subset of

21,000
S-Impedance
(ft/s*g/cc)
35,000

9,000

FIGURE 4
Average Inverted Values over the Lower Eagle Ford for Acoustic Impedance
Before (A) and After (B) Conditioning, Shear Impedance Before (C) and
After (D) Conditioning, and Vp/Vs Before (E) and After (F) Conditioning
(A)

(B)

P-Impedance
(ft/s*g/cc)
35,000

24,000

(C)

(D)

S-Impedance
(ft/s*g/cc)
25,000

11,000

(E)

(F)

Vp/Vs
2.2

1.4

JANUARY 2021 61



American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - 4
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - 5
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - 6
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - 7
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Cover3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - January 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202404
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https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/201809
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