American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 69

early to reduce backpressure on the pads
to reduce liquid loading and recover adsorbed
gas.
Installing compression at the pad allows
compression to have the maximum
impact on flowing tubing/bottom-hole
pressures by minimizing pressure loss
between the wellheads and the compressor
suction. While this is done in some plays,
it is not a common practice. This is
partly because each well on a pad has
highly variable flow rates, which creates
variable total gas flow from pads and
makes matching compressor capacity to
flow rates difficult. Having multiple pads
with different startup dates and gas delivery
profiles helps smooth out flows
and pressures to larger, more centralized
compressor stations. Economies of scale
and permitting/emissions also favor fewer,
larger compression stations rather than
many well pad installations.
One of the drawbacks of the arrangement
shown in Figure 4 is that pad production
is somewhat at the mercy of the
GGS operator with respect to backpressure.
It is not uncommon in some areas for
wells to be shut in because they cannot
flow against GGS pressure. On the other
hand, compression equipment is expensive
to design, permit, operate and maintain
and most production companies prefer
to pay a fee to the gathering company for
compression services.
Optimal compression type, location
and timing depends on many factors.
Given the number of variables and uncertainties
involved in shale gas plays,
the main objective should be installing a
functional and flexible compression system
applicable over a wide range of conditions.
The high-pressure trunklines and compressor
stations usually are installed, and
the system extended, based on acreage
development by production companies.
Compression often is installed fairly early
to accommodate wells that are already
past their high-pressure, high-flow initial
production phases.
❒
Editor's Note: The preceding is the
second in a two-part series on onshore
gas gathering system design and operation.
Part I appeared in AOGR's August issue.
For more information, a complete paper
on this topic is accessible online at markbothamleyconsulting.com.
MARK
BOTHAMLEY
Mark
Bothamley is an independent
consultant specializing in oil and gas
processing and associated facilities.
For the past several years, he has
been a senior technical adviser for
PetroSkills. Before joining PetroSkills,
Bothamley was chief engineer with
John M. Campbell & Co. Prior to
that, he served for 24 years at BP/Amoco
in locations around the world. He
has 18 years of process/facilities engineering
experience and six years
of production/operations experience.
Bothamley holds a diploma in natural
gas and petroleum technology from
the British Columbia Institute of Technology
and a B.S. in chemical engineering
from Lakehead University.
SEPTEMBER 2021 69
http://www.markbothamleyconsulting.com http://www.markbothamleyconsulting.com http://dearingcomp.com http://sales@dearingcomp.com

American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 4
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 5
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 6
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 7
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 8
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 9
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 10
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 11
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 15
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 17
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 18
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 19
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 20
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 21
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 22
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 24
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 25
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 26
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 27
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 28
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - 37
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Cover3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - September 2021 - Cover4
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