American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 63

functions, but they also add to the gas
stream's liquid loading as it enters the
front-end phase separation at the gas treatment
plant. To maximize the plant's efficiency,
these liquids need to be removed
before the gas enters the plant.
A detailed survey by Amine Experts
demonstrates how vital effective frontend
phase separation is. Based on 400
amine plant failure cases, the survey identified
three main causes:
· Corrosion resulting from poor amine
quality or insufficient regeneration;
· Foaming attributable to contaminated
gas at the inlet; and
· Poor product quality from insufficient
heat.
Each of the 400 cases cost the operators
between $250,000 and $250 million. Two
out of the three plant failure causes (poor
amine quality and contaminated gas at
the inlet) highlight the need for better filtration
and phase separation as gas enters
processing plants.
Figure 3 shows the causes of foaming
in the survey's failure cases. Four drivers
of foaming result from inlet gas contamination,
indicating that incorrect phase
separation is the primary source (61%)
of foaming events. By using process cameras
to deepen their understanding of gas
contamination at this stage of the process,
engineers can take immediate action to
avoid a foaming event, such as adding
defoamer early. This response is a far
more attractive solution than the common
practice of cutting gas flow, and therefore
output, to get foaming under control.
Over time, the plant can minimize
foaming's occurrence by conducting studies
to understand when and how breakthrough
occurs, implementing better maintenance
practices and investing in more effective
phase separation equipment. The camera's
data can help engineers justify these investments
and verify that they work.
Today, foaming is such a major risk
that many gas plants limit the gas flow rate
below the optimum to create a margin in
case of foaming. Process cameras give operators
the confidence to run a little closer
to the optimum in the knowledge they can
react quickly if a liquid event occurs.
Boosting NGL Recoveries
As the gas moves through desulfurization
and dehumidification, large quantities
of liquid come into intimate contact
with the gas. If these liquids go unseparated,
liquid carryover will contaminate
the next stage of the process, NGL removal.
Once the gas is sweet and dry, the usual
method of extracting NGLs to the greatest
extent possible is to reduce the temperature
of the gas, force the gas below its hydrocarbon
dewpoint and separate the liquids.
MAY 2023 63
FIGURE 3
Main Causes of Foaming
Feed Contamination
BTEX
Solvent Contamination
High HSAS
Approach Temperature
Ineffective Flash Drum & Carbon Beds
Incompatible Chemical/Material
Poor Filtration
Spray Flow Regime
Phase Envelope
Design Fault
No Regenerator Purge
10
20
30
40
50
60
61%
http://dearingcomp.com

American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 4
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 5
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 6
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 7
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 8
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 9
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 10
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 11
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 12
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 13
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 14
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 15
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 16
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 17
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 18
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 19
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 20
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 21
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 22
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 23
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 24
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 25
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 26
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 27
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 28
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 29
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 30
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 31
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 32
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 33
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 34
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 35
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 36
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 37
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 39
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 40
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 41
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 42
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 43
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 48
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 49
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 50
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 51
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 53
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 61
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 62
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 63
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 64
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 65
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 67
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 70
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American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - 82
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Cover3
American Oil and Gas Reporter - May 2023 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aogr/202403
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