American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023 - 90

is tepid for significantly changing the
way Americans power their homes, vehicles
and electrical grid.
" Only 31% of Americans currently
support phasing out the use of fossil
fuel energy sources altogether, " Pew
says. " Another 32% say the U.S. should
eventually stop using fossil fuels, but
don't believe the country is ready now.
And 35% think the U.S. should never
stop using fossil fuels to meet its energy
needs. "
Moreover, the firm continues, only
40% of the public favors phasing out the
production of gasoline-powered cars and
trucks, and that position is losing ground,
with support for such a policy 7% lower
than it was two years ago. " And underscoring
the strong feelings big changes to
American life can engender, 45% say
they would feel upset if gas-powered cars
were phased out; fewer than half as many
(21%) would feel excited, " it says.
With regard to public policies that forbid
newly constructed buildings from
connecting to natural gas, more Americans
oppose (51%) than favor (46%) requiring
most new buildings to run only
on electricity, with no gas lines, Pew continues.
It acknowledges that such measures
constitute " a recent flashpoint in
state legislatures and national climate
conversations. "
The firm also admits that political affiliations
correlate closely with many respondents'
energy preferences.
Nevertheless, Pew indicates that even
most Democrats reject the most ambitious
green initiatives.
" Republicans and Democrats continue
to offer competing visions on climate
and energy issues. Deep
Republican skepticism toward a renewable
energy transition is a major factor
behind much of the overall public's reluctance
to make a sharp break from fossil
fuels, " the firm says. " But views
within both party coalitions defy simple
categorization. And some of the most
far-reaching policies aimed at addressing
climate change and carbon emissions
garner a less-than-enthusiastic response
from Democrats, as well as outright opposition
from Republicans. "
Regarding President Biden's approach
to climate policy, Pew indicates that more
Americans dislike it than uphold it.
" Overall, 45% of Americans say the
Biden administration's policies on climate
change are taking the country in the
right direction, while slightly more (50%)
say they have the country headed in the
wrong direction, " Pew reports. " This
overall rating reflects a sharp partisan divide:
76% of Democrats see President
Joe Biden's climate policies as heading
in the right direction; by contrast, 82% of
Republicans say they're taking the country
in the wrong direction. "
The Pew Research Center poll surveyed
10,329 U.S. adults conducted May
30 to June 4, 2023.
❒
'Green Energy' Fails In Both Respects
SAN DIEGO- " Green energy " suffers
from two key problems, assesses author
and analyst Alex Epstein. First, since its
output is unreliable, it does not qualify
as energy, he suggests. Second, he continues,
its massive environmental impact
means that it also does not deserve its
environmentally benign reputation.
In a June Substack article titled " Green
Energy Is Neither Energy Nor Green, "
Epstein makes a case for why that is so.
Although green energy advocates call
for affordable, reliable and plentiful energy
sources that lack fossil fuels' pollution
or greenhouse gas emissions, those activists'
hostility toward nuclear and hydropower
is revealing, he maintains.
" You might expect the green energy
movement to be the number-one supporter
of clean, noncarbon nuclear and hydroelectric
energy, but instead, it is the number-one
opponent, " Epstein describes.
" Green groups have opposed nuclear for
decades (leading to crippling costs) and
worked to shut down hydroelectric dams. "
Do such activists oppose nuclear and
hydro projects because solar and wind
sources are comparably economical and
environmentally benign, he poses. " No.
Solar and wind have not proven to be
cost-effective at all, and in many ways,
they are the least green form of energy, "
he assesses. " Calling solar and wind
'green energy' makes them seem like
other forms of energy, just 'green.' But
they're not. All other forms of energy
provide reliable energy-real energy-
90 THE AMERICAN OIL & GAS REPORTER
whereas solar and wind are unreliable
parasites of reliable energy. "
Dilute And Intermittent
Contrary to perceptions that they are
rapidly replacing fossil fuels, BP's Statistical
Review of World Energy shows
that solar and wind provide less than 5%
of world energy, Epstein observes, noting
that even that small percentage relies on
massive governmental subsidies and reliable
backup, most of it fired by fossil
fuels.
" This is why they need huge subsidies
and why no grid is near 50% solar and
wind without huge parasitism on reliable
neighbors, " Epstein relates. " The popular
idea that we can use mostly or only solar
and wind with sufficient battery backup
is not being tried anywhere because it's
economically absurd. Batteries are so expensive
that just 3 days of global backup
using Elon Musk's Megapacks would
cost $590 trillion, about six times global
gross domestic product. "
Epstein cites the example of a " viral "
Twitter thread that Musk has cited claiming
that a small area of solar panels can
power the world. Although solar and
wind someday may join the ranks of dependable
energy sources, Epstein reasons,
if they are deployed on a large scale,
their environmental impacts from associated
activities, such as mining and land
use, will prompt much more anti-development
opposition.
" Because sunlight and wind are dilute
sources of energy-they take up more
space and use more of many materials
than fossil fuels or nuclear, " Epstein reports.
" This massive environmental impact
is not at all green. "
Since world power use averages about
19 billion kW, while solar power projects'
density is at least 10 watts per square
meter, powering the world with solar generation
will require about 1.8 million
square kilometers of solar PV projects,
Epstein calculates. " If 1.8 million square
kilometers of solar panels doesn't seem
like much, note that it is more than all
cities, towns, villages and human infrastructure
combined (~1.5 million square
kilometers), " he notes. " And this excludes
the huge footprints of solar and battery
mining, manufacturing and transmission. "
And those mining requirements-as
well as those for wind power and battery
backup-are not negligible, he observes,
pointing to an International Energy
Agency projection for a " net zero " scenario
that projects an increase in mining
and processing of minerals such as lithium,
graphite, nickel and rare earths by
4,200%, 2,500%, 1,900% and 700%, respectively
by 2040. Furthermore, he observes,
" The mining and processing of
various minerals necessary to supply today's
material-hungry solar, wind and
battery schemes are mostly outsourced
to China and other developing countries
because they would be cost-prohibitive
under Western green policies. "
Such impacts, even on a relatively

American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023

Contents
American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023 - Intro
American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023 - Cover1
American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023 - Cover2
American Oil and Gas Reporter - July 2023 - Contents
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