CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 9

(Protonix®), and esomeprazole (Nexium®).
Proton pump inhibitors will block the stomach
acid (hydrochloric acid) completely. This will
prevent backup of the stomach acid into the
esophagus, the main cause of gastroesophageal
reflux disease (GERD).
THERE ARE MANY COMMONLY USED
PRESCRIPTION AND OVER THE COUNTER
MEDICATIONS THAT ARE ALLOWED BY THE FAA
THAT MAY CAUSE A FALSE POSITIVE URINE TEST.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
are medications used for pain. Typical uses
of NSAIDs are for people with osteoarthritis
and general muscle pain. NSAIDs block the
inflammatory process to stop or decrease pain.
Ibuprofen (Motrin®) and naproxen (Aleve®) have
been reported to cause a falsely elevated THC
level. An HIV medication, efavirenz (Atripla®,
Sustiva®) is also on the list of medications that
could possibly cause THC to be detected.
It has been shown in studies that the type
of immunoassay technique used can make a
difference of showing a false positive THC test
versus a negative test (Clinical Tox, Vol. 58 2020:
Issue 6). The package insert for pantoprazole
(Protonix®) recommends that an alternative
confirmatory method should be considered to
verify positive results. The time span the patient
is taking these medications could also play a role
in false positive findings. It has been postulated
that chronic administration of these particular
medications may lead to a higher false positive
THC urine level.
HOW URINE TESTING WORKS
Urine testing for drugs is very common in
the outpatient clinic setting and outside
laboratories. The reason for urine testing in
the outpatient setting is for initial screening
purposes. It is faster and cheaper but has a
higher false positive rate than blood testing
or other more technologically advanced tests.
The urine drug tests are immunoassays, a
biochemical test that detects a drug or a
drug concentration in solution through the
use of an antibody (most common) or an
antigen. The antibody seeks out the drug the
clinician is looking for and attaches to it. The
immunoassay is interpreted as positive or
will report a concentration of the drug. The
immunoassays can cross-react with commonly
used medications or its metabolites and show
a false positive level for substances that are
banned by an employer. A drug metabolite is a
remnant of the drug after being broken down
by the body, and the most common metabolizer
of a medication is the liver. The metabolite can
be active and have an effect on the body or be
inactive and not have an effect. Immunoassays
will also react with medications that are
chemically similar to the banned substances,
but are not pharmacodynamically related, or
how the medication affects the body.

CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4

CFItoCFI Newsletter—Volume 12 Issue 4
CFI Notes
Letters
From the Editor: Why Choose ASI's eFIRC? Because It's a Wise Choice
I Tested Positive for What? False Positive Results
Safety Webinars: Hone Your Skills—Be Well-Informed
Safety Webinars: Learn to Turn
ASI Message: Expanding the Envelope
CFI News
CFI Tips: Tower Talk
Checkride Checklist: DPE Answers for Students and CFIs
Practical Advice: Avoid Mishaps—Keep Your Pocket Book Happy
Chart Challenge: High-Speed, Low-Altitude Military Training
Accident Case Study: Into Thin Air
You Can Fly: Flight Training Experience Survey and Awards
Safety Quiz: Ice Flight
CFI Tools: Light Gun Signals—Why Worry?
Chief's Corner: Dealing With Learners' Fears
Safety Tip: Runway Conditions
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - CFItoCFI Newsletter—Volume 12 Issue 4
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - CFI Notes
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Letters
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 4
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - From the Editor: Why Choose ASI's eFIRC? Because It's a Wise Choice
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 6
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - I Tested Positive for What? False Positive Results
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 8
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 9
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 10
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 11
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Safety Webinars: Hone Your Skills—Be Well-Informed
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Safety Webinars: Learn to Turn
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - ASI Message: Expanding the Envelope
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 15
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - CFI News
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 17
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 18
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 19
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - CFI Tips: Tower Talk
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 21
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 22
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Checkride Checklist: DPE Answers for Students and CFIs
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 24
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Practical Advice: Avoid Mishaps—Keep Your Pocket Book Happy
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 26
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 27
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Chart Challenge: High-Speed, Low-Altitude Military Training
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Accident Case Study: Into Thin Air
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 30
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - You Can Fly: Flight Training Experience Survey and Awards
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Safety Quiz: Ice Flight
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - CFI Tools: Light Gun Signals—Why Worry?
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 34
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 35
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Chief's Corner: Dealing With Learners' Fears
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 37
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - 38
CFI-to-CFI Newsletter - Volume 12 Issue 4 - Safety Tip: Runway Conditions
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