AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 96

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perceiving a lack of self-control, experiencing reduced self-worth, perceptions
of irresponsibility, confusion, inability to
interpret the instruments, and perhaps
visualizing an accident. The affective
responses can include fear, giddiness, sadness, and more.
Higher sympathetic nervous system
activation leads to more physical, cognitive, and affective effects; this can lead to the
airplane becoming more out of control; that
would lead to higher sympathetic nervous
system activation. It can be a vicious spiral
of continually decreasing pilot effectiveness.
What's the poor pilot to do?
HABITUATION, TRAINING,
AND EXPERIENCE

We can rely on habituation, training, and
experience to help minimize or remove the
adverse psychological effects of cloud penetration and its subsequent intracloud flying.
Habituation is a phenomenon where the
response to a stimulus declines over time
with repeated exposure to that stimulus.
In general, the more you experience something, the less you respond to it.
Put on a watch in the morning, feel it on
your wrist (stimulus) for a minute or two,
then you no longer feel it. You have habituated to the pressure on your wrist.
Professionally contrived exposure to
cloud penetration and intracloud flying happens when you're flying with your CFII and
you experience cloud penetration. Keep in
mind that we are talking about habituating
within real cloud penetration and real IMC,
not simply flight under the hood.
Having an instructor with you can have
a psychological effect a little like flying
under the hood: You have a safety net sitting next to you, taking some of the threat
away. What's the threat? Being 100-percent
responsible for keeping yourself (and your
passengers) alive while in real IMC.
Still, your CFII can present situations to
you in real IMC that would otherwise be too
dangerous or unlikely.
Go up with your CFII (even if you are a
VFR-only pilot) on cloudy days specifically
to experience cloud penetration and intracloud flying. Have your CFII present you
with illusions and ways to counteract them.
IMC encounters may happen several times during a trip, and most such
96 | AOPA PILOT December 2019

WHAT TO EXPECT
Requesting ride reports
If you are about to penetrate a
cloud, knowing the cloud type
could help prepare you for the
ride. Flight in cumulus clouds
tends to be turbulent, while stratus clouds provide for relatively
smooth flying. In some cases,
so can ATC. You can ask if other
pilots in the vicinity have given
"ride reports" to get an idea of
what might happen.
experiences will enhance your habituation
to the cloud penetration phenomenon. The
experiences that could counteract some
of the value of habituation would be those
with adverse consequences. Fortunately,
the more you are habituated to cloud penetration, the less likely you will have issues
entering or flying within clouds.
If you're instrument-rated and instrument-current, venture out on some of
these days with the plan to penetrate and
fly within clouds. You may want to request
block altitude if the conditions are right so
you can go in and out of clouds frequently.
The best way to master cloud penetration and intracloud flying is to do it often,
and when possible with a CFII accompanying you. If there are particular elements
of the experience that are particularly problematic for you, have your CFII give you
extra instruction on those things. For example, in-cloud instrument holds and/or those
that involve in-and-out cloud penetration
are great to practice with a CFII. Multiple
changes, such as transitioning into a climb
while changing heading and indicated airspeed at the same time, can be refined under
a CFII's guidance.
Flying is a fun but serious enterprise.
Accomplishing it with aplomb and safety
should be every pilot's goal, and doing
so while dancing with the clouds can
be an expression of amazing instrument
competency. Maximizing your preparedness through deliberate habituation and
guided experience can make that dance
spectacular.
AOPA
STEVEN MARK SACHS, Ed.D., is a private pilot

who lives in Washougal, Washington.


http://www.aopaFIRC.org http://www.aopa.org/creditcard

AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019

Contents
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Intro
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Cover1
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Cover2
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Contents
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 2
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 3
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 4
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 5
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 6
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - 7
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AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Cover3
AOPA Pilot Magazine - December 2019 - Cover4
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