AOPA Pilot Magazine - March 2020 - 97

P&E

ADS-B

Veiled threat
More guidance, and 1090ES privacy
BY MIKE COLLINS

30NM
MODE C

RENEW YOUR CFI
CERTIFICATE WITH THE
AOPA AIR SAFETY INSTITUTE
THE FAA'S ADS-B MANDATE rolled in
smoothly at 12:01 a.m. local on January
2, 2020. Pilots have been requesting, and
often receiving, authorizations to operate
aircraft not equipped with ADS-B in the
ADS-B rule airspace defined by FAR 91.225.
There was at least one high-visibility rejection, however, when Bahamian flag carrier
Bahamasair was told that three of its four
Boeing 737 jets couldn't fly into U.S. airspace; it has had to assign its sole equipped
737 and five ATR turboprops to its Florida
routes until the other jets are equipped.
One of the most frequent questions
we've taken since January 2 is this: Do I
need an airspace authorization to fly under
a Class C shelf if my aircraft is not equipped
with ADS-B Out? No; according to FAR
91.225(d)(3), it's required only "above the
ceiling and within the lateral boundaries of
a Class B or Class C airspace area designated
for an airport upward to 10,000 feet msl."
What you do have to watch out for are
Mode C veils, extending 30 nautical miles
from each Class B primary airport, where
ADS-B Out absolutely is required. They
encompass almost all Class B airspace.
But there are exceptions large enough to,
well, fly under, like a shelf extending several miles outside the San Francisco Mode
C veil just east of Livermore, California, and

one extending north of Las Vegas, among
other places. Class B also extends beyond
the Mode C veil in Phoenix-where the
Mode C veil is centered on the airport and
the Class B is defined by the Phoenix VOR,
located more than a mile east of the field.
And a Mode C veil can cause problems
flying below Class C airspace, too. Be wary
of airports like Norman Y. Mineta San Jose
International Airport in San Jose, California,
where most of the Class C airspace lies
beneath a Mode C veil. And at others-
including Akron-Canton Regional Airport
in Akron, Ohio; John Wayne Airport-Orange
County in Santa Ana, California; and Long
Island Mac Arthur Airport, east of New York
City-a significant amount of the Class C is
under a Mode C veil. The Class C airspace
for several airports is located completely
within a Mode C veil, including Bob Hope
Airport in Burbank, California; Chicago
Midway International in Illinois; and Fort
Lauderdale/Hollywood International and
Orlando Sanford International airports in
Florida.
Another misconception is that you cannot file a flight plan or fly IFR if you're not
equipped with ADS-B Out. You can, as filing
a flight plan is not tied to ADS-B, but if the
aircraft is not equipped, you need to stay outside of ADS-B rule airspace. You can request
aopa.org/pilot AOPA PILOT | 97

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AOPA Pilot Magazine - March 2020

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of AOPA Pilot Magazine - March 2020