AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 90
RUDDER & WRENCH
cumulonimbus clouds and storm cells
ahead of it, in angry lines, clusters, or largescale,
organized mesoscale systems. That
description fits most cold fronts, especially
in the depths of summer in the warmer
parts of the United States. Meteorologists
call these katafronts. Katafronts have
strong temperature contrasts across their
frontal boundaries, and upper-level winds
that cross them at an angle and energize
their dynamics. There is often sinking air
behind them, which means that clearer
skies follow the frontal passage.
The other type of cold front is called
an anafront. They occur when there's less
of a temperature contrast across the front
(which makes them more common in the
colder months), and upper winds flow
more parallel to the frontal boundary. They
have rising air on the cold, postfrontal side
of the frontal boundary, move slower than
katafronts, and tend to produce stratiform
clouds and precipitation. Still, they're no
picnic because, like katafronts, thunderstorms
can still form ahead of the frontal
boundary-just not as often.
You may wonder why the area ahead
Travel with
Confi dence
Emergency Assistance Plus®
(EA+®
) provides critical services if
you get sick or hurt while traveling
within the U.S. or around the
world.
MEMBER'S ONLY ANNUAL RATES!
Call 1.844.603.0568
for more information.
62944
©2021 Worldwide Rescue & Security
of a cold front is so conducive to convective
activity. Recall that fronts exist in
pressure troughs, which usually radiate
from a parent center of low pressure, and
that there's a low-altitude wind shift as
you cross a cold front. The advancing cold
air commonly blows out of the west or
northwest, while winds out of the south
or southwest fill the warm sector ahead
of the front. This explains why you need
to adjust your heading to crab to the right
when you cross a front.
Those warm and humid southerly
winds ahead of the cold front can intensify
for hours before the cold front bears
down on them. Temperatures and moisture
levels skyrocket as they ride the
trough's pressure gradients and pack in
the heat, causing what's called a thermal
ridge-a northward projection of maximum
heat that's fertile ground for frontal
convergence and lifting forces to create
thunderstorms. Stand on a ramp ahead
of a midsummer cold frontal passage and
you may well notice sharply rising southerly
winds, temperatures, and mugginess
in the hour before the fireworks begin.
tom.horne@aopa.org
90
AOPA PILOT / June 2022
http://www.aerospacereports.com
http://www.aerospacereports.com
http://claroxan.com/optimis7
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022
Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022
Contents
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Intro
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Cover1
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Cover2
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 1
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Contents
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 3
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 4
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 5
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 6
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 7
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 8
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 9
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 10
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 11
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 12
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 13
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 14
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 15
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 16
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 17
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 18
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 19
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 20
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 21
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 22
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 23
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 24
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 25
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 26
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 27
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 28
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 29
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 30
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 31
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 32
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 33
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 34
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 35
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 36
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 37
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 38
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 39
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 40
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 41
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 42
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 43
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 44
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 45
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 46
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 47
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 48
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - R-1
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - R-2
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - R-3
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - R-4
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 49
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 50
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 51
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 52
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 53
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 54
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 55
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 56
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 57
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 58
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 59
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 60
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 61
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 62
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 63
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 64
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 65
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 66
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 67
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 68
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 69
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 70
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 71
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 72
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 73
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 74
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 75
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 76
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 77
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 78
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 79
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 80
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 81
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 82
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 83
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 84
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 85
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 86
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 87
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 88
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 89
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 90
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 91
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 92
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 93
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 94
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 95
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 96
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 97
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 98
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 99
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 100
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 101
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 102
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 103
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 104
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 105
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 106
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 107
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 108
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 109
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 110
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 111
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - 112
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Cover3
AOPA Pilot Magazine - June 2022 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202405
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202404
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202403
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202306
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202106
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202104
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202103
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202101
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202010
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202009
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202008
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202007
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202006
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202005
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202004
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202003
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202002
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_202001
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201912
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201911
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201812
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201811
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201809
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201808
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201807
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201802
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201801
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201708
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201707
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201706
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201704
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201703
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201702
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201701
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201612
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201611
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201609
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201608
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201607
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201606
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201605
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201604
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201603
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201602
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201601
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201512
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201511
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201510
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201509
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201508
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201507
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201506
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201505
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201504
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201503
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201502
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201501
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201412
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201411
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201410
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201409
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201408
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201407
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201406
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201405
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201404
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201403
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201402
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201401
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201312
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201310
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201308
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201307
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201306
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201304
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201302
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201301
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201212
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201210
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201208
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201207
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201206
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201204
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201202
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201201
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201112
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201111
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201110
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201109
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201108
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201107
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201106
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201104
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201103
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201103_test
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201102
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201011demo
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot_201011
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/aopa/pilot0308
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com