ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 63

was true for all climate zones, range, and approach 30 temperatures analyzed. The analyses were based on a fairly aggressive scalar ratio (maximum simple payback period) of 14 but high-efficiency tow25 Oakland Atlanta ers were found to be cost effective down to a scalar Chicago Las Vegas Albuquerque ratio of about five, i.e. they will have a simple pay20 back of five years compared to the next best tower Miami option, even in the mildest climates. The reason 15 is that the net cost premium for increasing tower efficiency is relatively small; physical size and fill 10 area of the tower increase but motor and VSD size and cost decrease, partially offsetting the tower 5 cost increase. For example, the net installed first cost add for the high efficiency tower vs. the low efficiency tower for the 1,000 ton (3517 kW) plant 0 0 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 7,000 8,000 9,000 10,000 in Miami was only about $9,000, a 6% increase, while annual energy savings were about $5,500 Cooling Degree-Days – Base 50°F and life-cycle energy savings were $7,700. The magnitude of the savings is smaller in milder cli- Figure 3: Life-cycle cost optimum approach plus range as a function of mates, but the high efficiency towers were found cooling degree-days with a base of 50°F (10°C). to be cost effective in all climates analyzed. While increasing tower efficiency from low to high is rel- study), the same cannot be said for reducing tower approach. atively inexpensive (about 6% to 12% of tower costs in this As shown in Figure 2, the cost of a tower that provides a low
Tower Approach + Range

www.info.hotims.com/38000-44

March 2012

ASHRAE Journal

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ASHRAE Journal - March 2012

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - March 2012

ASHRAE Journal - March 2012
Contents
Commentary
Show Coverage
Meetings and Shows
Feature Articles
ASHRAE’s Best: 2012 Technology Awards
Total Energy Wheel Control in a Dedicated OA System
Optimizing Design & Control of Chilled Water Plants Part 4: Chiller & Cooling Tower Selection
Improving DHW System Performance
Technology Award Case Studies:
Ice Rink Uses CO2 System
Standing Columns
Building Sciences
Emerging Technologies
Refrigeration
Special Products
IAQ Applications
People
Products
Classified Advertising
Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - ASHRAE Journal - March 2012
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Commentary
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Show Coverage
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Meetings and Shows
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - ASHRAE’s Best: 2012 Technology Awards
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Ice Rink Uses CO2 System
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Total Energy Wheel Control in a Dedicated OA System
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Optimizing Design & Control of Chilled Water Plants Part 4: Chiller & Cooling Tower Selection
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Improving DHW System Performance
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Building Sciences
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Emerging Technologies
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Refrigeration
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Special Products
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - IAQ Applications
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - People
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Products
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 104
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 105
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 106
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 107
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 108
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 109
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Classified Advertising
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - 111
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Advertisers Index
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - March 2012 - Cover4
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