ASHRAE Journal - February 2022 - 60

TECHNICAL FEATURE
1. Are not defined in any of the 54 types of
buildings in ASHRAE/IES Standard 100-2015,
Energy Efficiency in Existing Buildings, and hence
there is no EUI baseline and targets for these
buildings; and
2. Their EUI is confused with power usage effectiveness
(PUE) for data centers. Data centers
are used to host computing equipment powered through
UPS loads, which dominate the PUE. Communications
buildings are different; they host communications
equipment, the majority of which are not connected to
UPS. This is why PUE cannot be used to measure their
efficiency.
Building Loads Analysis
The calculated individual building loads taken from
equipment name plates were summarized and added
to come up with the load breakdown as shown in Table 7
and Figure 3, respectively. The resulting total estimated
building energy consumption of 820.97 MWh was compared
against the estimated annual energy consumption
using the estimated EUI baseline for communications
buildings. The difference was found to be 6.3%, which
is acceptable for such a unique system. Nearly 2/3 of
the building energy consumption (lighting, cooling, air
movement) is directed to support 1/3 of the building
load (IT critical load).
ECM and Savings Opportunities
The following sections detail the energy conservation
measures (ECM) in the different
areas (lighting, HVAC, air movement,
water heating and IT critical equipment)
and their corresponding energy savings
potential along with the corresponding
simple payback. It was assumed to use
regular market prices for the initial costs
of the ECMs and payback calculations.
To this extent, it is understood that these
prices may not be exact unless it comes
from the company purchaser.
NO.
1
2
3
Lighting
TABLE 6 Current total energy expenditures and cost KPI for AITD communications buildings.
DEPARTMENT
AITD
NO. OF
BUILDINGS
TOTAL
AREA
(M2)
93 20,057
TOTAL
EUI
(kWh/M2·YR)
1,900
ENERGY
USE
(GWH)
38.11
COST
(IN THOUSANDS
PER YEAR)
$3,049
TABLE 7 Summary of buildings loads energy consumption and balance.
LOAD TYPE
Cooling (Compressor, Condenser, Humidifier)
Air Movement (Fan Energy)
Lighting
Exhaust Fans
Water Heater
IT (Critical Loads)
TOTAL (MEASURED BY COMPONENT)
ESTIMATED BUILDING LOAD (BASED ON EUI)
DIFFERENCE
COST $ (M2/YR)
$152
CONSUMPTION (MWH)
345.8
133.65
77.71
0.5
0.5
262.8
820.97
769.5
6.30%
FIGURE 3 Breakdown of communications building annual energy consumption.
IT (Critical Loads)
32%
Water
Heater
Exhaust
Fans
TABLE 8 Lighting energy savings measures
ECM
Clean All Lamp Fixtures' Plastic
Covers and Conduct Lux Survey to
De-Lamp Unnecessary
Over-Lighted Areas
Install Motion Sensor/Timer Switch to
Turn Off Lights in Unoccupied Areas
Replace T-12 Lamps With Magnetic
Ballast to T-8 With Electronic Ballast
4 Replace All Exit Signs Lamps with LEDs
This section details the ECMs in lighting,
with a complete summary of the individual energy savings
and estimated payback for each measure in Table 8.
If all measures are implemented, 90% energy savings
60
ASHRAE JOURNAL ashrae.o rg
F E B R U A RY 2022
ENERGY
SAVING
(kWh/YR)
10,000
40,000
20,000
800
DEMAND
SAVING
(kW)
0.34
ENERGY
SAVINGS
($/YR)
800
N/A 3,200
2.275 1,600
0.09
64
INSTALLATION
COST ($)
1,000
2,500
300
SIMPLE
PAYBACK
(YR)
3.2
106
4.7
can be achieved compared to the current baseline. The
total energy saving is interdependent on the implementation
of each of the individual measures and hence a
Lighting
10%
Cooling
42%
Air Movement
16%
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ASHRAE Journal - February 2022

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