ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 30

ROUNDTABLE

Charles Allgood, Ph.D.,
Refrigerant Technology
Leader, Chemours, Newark,
Del.

Philip Johnston, P.Eng.,
Member ASHRAE, Product
General Manager, Daikin
Applied Americas, Maple
Grove, Minn.

Sarah Kim, Ph.D., Member
ASHRAE, Research Scientist,
Arkema, King of Prussia, Pa.,
vice chair of SSPC 34.

Steve Kujak, Member
ASHRAE, Director of Next
Generation Refrigerant
Research, Trane
Technologies, LaCrosse,
Wis., chair of SSPC 34.

Samuel Yana Motta, Ph.D.,
Member ASHRAE, Research
Fellow (Heat Transfer,
Refrigeration and AC),
Honeywell, Charlotte, N.C.

A Conversation on
Refrigerants
ASHRAE Journal conducted a roundtable with refrigerants experts to discuss the future of refrigerants.
What are potential alternatives for R-123, and what attributes
make these good low global warming potential (GWP) alternatives for R-123?
Steve Kujak: Refrigerant technology has matured sufficiently in the last decade to offer a number of good
replacements for R-123 and R-134a in large water-cooled
centrifugal chiller products. All these options are new
olefin (HFO) refrigerants. which are nonflammable
(ASHRAE Standard 34-2019 Class 1) and which allows
them to be readily adopted using existing product standards and building codes.
A near design-compatible option for R-123 designs is
R-514A (ASHRAE Class B1). R-514A is an azeotropic blend
of ultralow GWP (< 10) refrigerants R-1336mzz(Z) and
R-1130(E), with nearly the same capacity and efficiency
as R-123 and is in wide adoption at this time as a replacement for R-123.
Another option available is R-1233zd(E) for use in centrifugal chillers. R-1233zd(E) is a ASHRAE Class A1 refrigerant with about a 40% higher capacity than R-123 with
similar efficiency, but requires a new chiller design.
30

ASHRAE JOURNAL

ashrae.org

MARCH 2021

A lesser-known emerging option is R-1224yd(Z) with a
capacity about 60% higher than R-123 with similar efficiency. R-1224yd(Z) has similar capacity to R-245fa and
would be considered a design-compatible replacement for
HVAC&R equipment using R-245fa. Many organic Rankine
cycle (ORC) are using R-245fa, and R-1224yd(Z) is under
consideration as a replacement for these applications.
Philip Johnston: The new refrigerants currently available for low pressure water cooled centrifugal chillers
are R-1233zd(E) and R-514A, with a third refrigerant,
R-1224yd(Z) showing potential as an emerging solution.
R-1233zd(E) has key attributes we look for in a new
refrigerant solution. It is classified as an " A1 " (lower toxicity, with no flame propagation) by Standard 34-2019.
It is a single working fluid, making it easier to reclaim
and has high efficiency. It will also be used in other sectors beside large chillers (including foams and solvents),
driving global demand and large-scale production. This
suggests competitive pricing and widespread availability
going forward. Working pressures are slightly higher
than R-11 and R-123, meaning heat exchangers will be


http://ashrae.org

ASHRAE Journal - March 2021

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of ASHRAE Journal - March 2021

Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Intro
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Cover1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Cover2
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 1
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Contents
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 3
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 4
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 5
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 6
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 7
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 8
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 9
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 10
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 11
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 12
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 13
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 14
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 15
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 16
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 17
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 18
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 19
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 20
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 21
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 22
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 23
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 24
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 25
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 26
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 27
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 28
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 29
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 30
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 31
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 32
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 33
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 34
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 35
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 36
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 37
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 38
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 39
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 40
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 41
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 42
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 43
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 44
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 45
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 46
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 47
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 48
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 49
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 50
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 51
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 52
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 53
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 54
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 55
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 56
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 57
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 58
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 59
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 60
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 61
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 62
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 63
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 64
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 65
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 66
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 67
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 68
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 69
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 70
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 71
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 72
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 73
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 74
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 75
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 76
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 77
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 78
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 79
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 80
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 81
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 82
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 83
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 84
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 85
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 86
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 87
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 88
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 89
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 90
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 91
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 92
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 93
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 94
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 95
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 96
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 97
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 98
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 99
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 100
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 101
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 102
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 103
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - 104
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Cover3
ASHRAE Journal - March 2021 - Cover4
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WNYSQY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XATVOD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FJSHSS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CCBZDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XDEFVG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2023november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VHGNBL
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WPKBNJ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_UUVCDE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTGDEW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2023
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LKRFXS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AZSOFG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ERCDBH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QWDFRV
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JHGVDF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPUYHG
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SREIBM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LRTGLK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OKRFGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2022november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TZSERA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_LVRUIX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RPTVYZ
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/mini_pub_catalog
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XIYTGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2022
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RFGDOB
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PABXNU
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_REMKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PICVBT
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_AOYTVW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JQOPLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IOYTBC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SGAJJF
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_IGHYER
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_PDRKLS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2021november_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_XCODFR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QSLFGO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ILKVNM
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2021
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OPDJKD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_VJKSRY
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDHUTC
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JPPKRR
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SDLTTH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_CKLLES
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_SLDOX
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_HJETUK
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_OLUHGE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2020october_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ZERDGH
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_QVMNEO
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_RTPOKE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_BBATRE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_STUBMW
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TPEMPE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_JNMKDS
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_FBTTPA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_WQMMNE
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_TVBRYN
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2020
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_KTUZMA
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_ABEDGD
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201910
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201909
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019septmeber_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2019september
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201908
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201907
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201906
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201905
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201904
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019april
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201903
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2019march
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201902
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201901
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_showguide2019
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018december
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018november
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2018fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_2018october
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraemexico_2018
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201810
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraeinsights_201806
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201805
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201804
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201803
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201712
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201711
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201710
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2017fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201709
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201705
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashrae_meetinginsert_201610
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2016fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acrexindia
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_amca_2015summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/amca/2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acma_2014summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201311
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201309
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_acmasupp_2013fall
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201305
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201303
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2013winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201211
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/achr_expo_mexico2012
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201209
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v3
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201208_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201205
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201203
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2012winter
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201111_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/ashraejournal_201109_v2
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/pubcatalog_2011summer
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201105
https://www.nxtbook.com/nxtbooks/ashrae/meetingplanner_201103
https://www.nxtbookmedia.com