Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 14

States Embrace STEM Endorsements for High School Diplomas
Will the new credentials carry weight
with colleges and employers?
By Stephen Sawchuk
Colorado educators Elaine Menardi
and Jess Buller would seem an unlikely pair to be writing legislation.
But neither felt that their students,
then middle schoolers, were on track
for meeting state benchmarks for
workforce readiness in technology
and computing.
So, while participating in a fellowship together, the two cooked up a
solution: a STEM diploma endorsement awarded to high school students with a track record of strong
achievement in those subjects. In
May, Gov. John Hickenlooper signed
the fruit of their labor into law.
"It was so valuable for educators
to be in the thick of it all, because if
a lawmaker had come up with the
idea, they might have put in criteria
that wouldn't have been as rigorous," Menardi said, noting the high
grade point average students must
maintain to earn the seal.
Colorado's new law is unusual in
the degree of participation educators
had in shaping it, but it is not unique.
Within the last school year, at least
two other states created a diploma
endorsement in the fields of science,
technology, engineering, and math.
STEM endorsements are still so
new overall that there are few insights on how they will play out
on the ground for students-and
whether the new credentials will
come to signify anything of value to

employers or colleges.
For now, advocates in the STEM
fields generally are of two minds
on the development of these new
credentials. Many are supportive
of incentives to enrich what's often
seen as high schoolers' anemic diet
of math and science. But advocates
also say schools will face challenges
in ensuring that all students will
have the opportunity to earn them.
"The reality is there are a lot of
schools where there are no STEM
Advanced Placement classes, and
those schools tend to serve lowincome students and students of
color," said Claus von Zastrow,
the research director of Change
the Equation, a group representing businesses that are pushing
for stronger STEM opportunities
in schools. "You have to create the
pathways for those kids."

A Gap in Readiness?
In addition to Colorado, at least
five other states offer some kind of
STEM credential. The endorsements
differ from the raft of advanced diplomas and career and technical
badges that several states already
offer. Students who earn them must
take additional STEM coursework
and demonstrate advanced science
and math ability via high scores on
tests, or through a capstone project
in which they apply their knowledge.
Just what lies behind states' ap-

petite for the seals is harder to pinpoint. In an increasingly credentialdependent world, said Nicole Smith,
a chief economist at Georgetown
University's Center on Education
and the Workforce, it may be that
credentials are easier for employers
to grasp than course titles that can
hide a range of educational rigor.
But it's also likely that efforts to
close the so-called gap between the
skills employers want and those
held by job-seekers are starting to
appear in the high school pipeline.
"You want to make sure that
they[students] have access to the
types of gateway courses that will
help them prepare for these college
credits," Smith said.
It's an idea that has gained increasing currency recently. In fact,
aside from school choice, the skills
gap is one of the few education issues that President Donald Trump
has highlighted.
Whether or not a gap truly exists-and whether the mismatch
is among all STEM fields or only
some of them-remains a question
of much debate among researchers.
But even those who are skeptical,
such as demographer Michael Teitelbaum, a senior research associate
at Harvard Law School's labor and
worklife program, generally say they
see efforts to develop a more scienceand math-proficient high school
population as worth pursuing.
"To the extent that this raises the
perceived value psychologically or in
terms of how students view the values of high school education, I think
it can only be to the good," he said.
"If it's being sold as, 'If you do this,

you'll have a successful career,' it's
probably overpromising."
Colorado's new law gives districts
much freedom as to the types of
classes they could count toward the
credential.
Menardi believes the coursework-
four STEM courses in sequence, in addition to the district's standard graduation requirements-should mean
nothing lower than geometry, and generally should consist of each district's
highest-level STEM offerings.
"We really want that endorsement to be a guarantee for colleges
that this student isn't going to need
remediation, and a demonstration
to employers that these kids know
their stuff, and they're going to be
good employees," she said.

Questions of Equity
Those are good goals, say groups
like Achieve, a nonprofit that has
pushed for all high schoolers to take
a rigorous high school curriculum,
including at least three credits of
math. But they are harder to oversee in local-control arrangements.
"We believe that states offering
the endorsement at the state level
encourages more even access across
districts, whereas states that leave it
up to the district, it really is going to
vary quite significantly," said Jennifer
Sattem, a senior fellow of policy and
practice at Achieve.
She and others also point out disturbing inequities in access to the
most rigorous math and science
classes. According to the U.S. Department of Education, only a third
of high schools with a high propor-

tion of black or Latino students offer
a Calculus class, compared to more
than half of schools with a less-diverse enrollment, for example.
Tracking diploma outcomes by population continues to be a challenge,
especially as the number of graduation options multiplies. New York
state has offered science and math
diploma endorsements for several
years, but does not keep records on
how many graduates now hold diplomas with those honors.
Colorado and Ohio also expect
students to apply their skills in relevant capstone demonstrations that,
presumably, would be partially overseen by local employers.
"That's the tough part; as these
things become more popular, they
quickly strain the ability of employers to meet [student] demand,"
Change the Equation's von Zastrow
said. "They're not used to this. It's
not something they've built into their
workflow in any meaningful way."
And whether STEM seals will
gain widespread currency among
employers remains to be seen. What
von Zastrow doesn't want is for the
endorsements to wind up as diploma
"flair"-attractive, but ultimately
useless because colleges or employers don't attribute any special value
to them.
Ohio is already reaching out to
higher education, said Tess Elshoff,
the president of the state's board of
education, "in the hopes that possibly
down the road once it's implemented,
colleges will recognize that students
have emphasis in this area, and it
will open up doors in certain departments and majors."

STATES' REQUIREMENTS FOR STEM DIPLOMAS
State

Year
Created

Base
Requirements

Required STEM Coursework

GPA

Test Scores

Capstone
Project/Portfolio

Colorado
STEM diploma
endorsement

2017

Local
graduation
requirements

4 courses in STEM, in addition to local graduation requirements

3.5

Choice of: 28+ ACT math, 600+ SAT math, 4+ AP
math, 100+ Accuplacer, 85+ on Armed Services
Vocational Aptitude Battery Test

Yes

Hawaii High School
Diploma with STEM
Honors

2011

Hawaii High
School Diploma

4 credits math (including 1 beyond Algebra 2),
4 credits science (including 1 biology)

3.0

No additional testing requirements

Yes

Nevada State Seal
of STEM *

2017

Nevada
Standard High
School Diploma

4 credits science, 4 credits math,
1 credit of computer science, engineering,
CTE, media, or technology

3.25

Choice of: 3+ AP Science, 4+ IB science, 650 SAT
science, B in dual-enrollment science, Gold or higher
on ACT National Career Readiness Certificate AND
choice of: 3+ AP math, 4 IB math, 530+ SAT math,
22+ ACT math, B in dual- enrollment math

No

New York Regents
Diploma with
Advanced
Designation and
annotation of Math
or Science Mastery

2006

Regents
Diploma with
Advanced
Designation

3 credits math, 3 credits science

not
Scores of 85 or better on each of three Regents
specified exams in mathematics, or 85 or better on each of
three Regents exams in science

No

Ohio STEM Honors
Diploma **

2016

Ohio High
School Diploma

5 credits math, 5 science (including 2 in advanced science)

3.5

Yes

Texas Foundation
High School
Program with STEM
Endorsement

2013

Texas
Foundation High
School Program

Algebra I, Chemistry, Physics, plus one of the following: A) Four
credits in CTE B) four credits computer science C) Algebra I,
Geometry, Algebra 2 plus 2 math electives beyond Algebra 2
D) Biology, Chemistry, Physics plus 2 additional science courses
E) 3 additional credits from no more than 2 of the previous options

not
No additional testing requirements
specified

* Also offers a STEAM seal with slightly different requirements ** Can waive one requirement
SOURCE: Education Week

14 | EDUCATION WEEK | August 23, 2017 | www.edweek.org

27+ ACT, 1280+ SAT

No


http://www.edweek.org

Education Week - August 23, 2017

Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Education Week - August 23, 2017

Education Week - August 23, 2017
In Va. District, Back to School Amid Tensions
Tax Breaks for Big-Box Stores Can Drain Money From Schools
Betsy DeVos Stalls as Tenure Hits Six-Month Mark
Seeking a Smooth On-Ramp to Kindergarten
News in Brief
Report Roundup
Of 98 Diploma Types, How Many Measure Up?
Public Support for Charter Schools Plummets, Poll Finds
Lower Scores Field Debate Over English-Proficiency Test
Districts Hard-Pressed to Staff Teaching Posts
Vail, Ariz., parent and teacher Karen Rogers works one-on-one with Roman Chavez. More districts are turning to parents and other nontraditional sources to fill talent shortages.
White Females Still Dominate Teaching Force
DIGITAL DIRECTIONS: Evolution of Sexting Challenges School Leaders
Is La.’s Strict Student-Privacy Law Chilling Research Efforts?
States Embrace STEM Endorsements for High School Diplomas
Nursing Teachers Seek Time, Space To Pump at School
Ed. Dept. Steps Up Pace of State ESSA Plan Reviews
Unease Over Justice Dept. Stance on Admissions
Florida’s Plan to Seek ESSA Waiver Draws Fierce Pushback
Devos Investments in ‘Brain Training’ Company Raise
David G. Sciarra, Karen Hawley Miles & Jonathan Travers, Morgan Showalter, Mike Magee: How (Un)Fair Is School Funding?
David Sanon: This Is Not Just Another Essay About Race
Letters
TopSchoolJobs Recruitment Marketplace
Melvin Patrick Ely: Facing Our Confederate Past
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Seeking a Smooth On-Ramp to Kindergarten
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 2
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 3
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Report Roundup
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 5
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Of 98 Diploma Types, How Many Measure Up?
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Public Support for Charter Schools Plummets, Poll Finds
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Lower Scores Field Debate Over English-Proficiency Test
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 9
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Vail, Ariz., parent and teacher Karen Rogers works one-on-one with Roman Chavez. More districts are turning to parents and other nontraditional sources to fill talent shortages.
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - White Females Still Dominate Teaching Force
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Is La.’s Strict Student-Privacy Law Chilling Research Efforts?
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 13
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - States Embrace STEM Endorsements for High School Diplomas
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 15
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Nursing Teachers Seek Time, Space To Pump at School
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 17
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 18
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 19
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 20
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 21
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Unease Over Justice Dept. Stance on Admissions
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Florida’s Plan to Seek ESSA Waiver Draws Fierce Pushback
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Devos Investments in ‘Brain Training’ Company Raise
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 25
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - David G. Sciarra, Karen Hawley Miles & Jonathan Travers, Morgan Showalter, Mike Magee: How (Un)Fair Is School Funding?
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - David Sanon: This Is Not Just Another Essay About Race
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Letters
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 29
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - TopSchoolJobs Recruitment Marketplace
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - 31
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - Melvin Patrick Ely: Facing Our Confederate Past
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - CW1
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - CW2
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - CW3
Education Week - August 23, 2017 - CW4
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