Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 11
expression with clinicopathological factors and survival," the authors
penned.
The researchers found that in 909
patients with histology information,
a significantly higher level of PDCD1
and CTLA-4 expression were observed
for squamous carcinoma than adenocarcinoma. Moreover, the authors
found that in 848 patients with
known smoking history, current and
former smokers were found to have
significantly elevated gene expression when compared to nonsmokers.
"In this study with large number of
patients, PDCD1 and CTLA-4 expression was significantly higher in squa-
mous carcinoma and current/former
smokers," the authors wrote. This
led the researchers to conclude that
"higher expression of CTLA-4, but not
PDCD1 predicts worse survival."
A New Day Dawns
The era of immunotherapy has
descended upon clinical medicine,
offering scientists and physicians the
opportunity to dramatically improve
disease outcomes. However, the
path toward better prognosis and
treatment options is not unfettered,
and translational biomarker research
is one way to overcome many of
the limitations of immunotherapy.
Increased validation of novel biomarkers that provide insight into
whether immunotherapies will be
successful for individual patients,
especially when the timing of treatment is a factor, as it most often is for
cancer, is essential.
While putative examples of critical
immunotherapy biomarkers for cancer have been presented here with
proteins from the immune checkpoint
pathways (PD-1, PDL-1, and CTL-4),
the search continues for the next soluble factor or cell-surface receptor
that is wholly indicative of disease
and open the door to even better
immunotherapy compounds.
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September 2016 Clinical OMICs
11
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Table of Contents for the Digital Edition of Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9
Contents
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - Cover1
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - Cover2
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - Contents
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 4
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 5
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 6
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 7
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 8
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 9
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 10
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 11
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 12
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 13
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 14
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 15
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 16
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 17
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 18
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 19
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 20
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 21
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 22
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 23
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 24
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 25
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 26
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 27
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 28
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 29
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 30
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 31
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 32
Clinical OMICs - Volume 3, Issue 9 - 33
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